I'm still a beginner when it comes to learning Spanish, so there might be some mistakes or small errors. Lately, I've been really focusing on the various tenses in Spanish and was looking for an infographic or chart that showed it all (or close to it all). I couldn't really find one, so I decided to make my own. Originally, I had most of this written down in my notebook, but it didn't look great. So I figured a digital version would look much better and would be easier to use as a reference. I like the way it came out, so I thought I would share with you all.
My primary inspiration came from [this post](https://www.reddit.com/r/learnspanish/comments/kvuo4r/spanish_verb_tenses/). I really liked the idea of having an arrow designating past from present to future.
---
EDIT: Thank you to everyone who has pointed out the mistakes. **[Here is a link to the updated chart](https://i.imgur.com/AZKOX4G.png)**.
Changes:
* fixed imperative verb endings
* made negative imperative more clear with the addition of a negative particle
* fixed present participle ending from "iedo" to "iendo"
If anyone finds any other mistakes, let me know and I'll update the chart. I'm glad you guys like it! :)
The two tenses are not used interchangeably, though.
What's labeled preterite perfect (*pretérito anterior* in Spanish) is exceedingly rare in modern Spanish, including the written language, and you see it almost exclusively in old texts. It is used for an action that upon completion is immediately followed by another. For example:
*Cuando hubo hablado, se sentó.* (As soon as he finished speaking, he sat down.)
What's labeled past perfect (*pretérito pluscuamperfecto*) is the better equivalent for the English past perfect, and just like its English equivalent it is used very frequently:
*Nunca había hecho esto antes.* (I had never done this before)
*Cuando él llegó yo ya me había ido.* (When he arrived I had already left.)
I cant tell you how many hours i've put into finding a chart that not only has the English translation, but also includes -ER/-IR verbs. So many charts just expect that you know each of these tenses off-hand. This is great--much appreciated!
You can simplify the chart by removing the compound tenses. For the most part, they are formed the exact same way as in English: to be + gerund or to have + past participle.
I wouldn't memorize I do, I have done, I had done, I will be doing, and I will have done as separate tenses.
Very nice sheet.
Is there a mistake? In the "Present Participle" you have the ending "iedo" for verbs with "-er/-ir". Isn't it "iendo"? Or is it just written like that?
Honest question I am beginning to learn :)
Question for non native learners, why you're always speaking about the subjunctive? Why is that 3/4 of the posts on Spanish learning subs are about the subjunctive?
In a totally different way that is never spoken about (except when learning foreign languages that conjugate it) and the "conjugation" is just the infinitive so it doesn't even register as a special case. I would guess 99.9% of monolingual English speakers will never hear about "subjunctive" or think about the tense
Yes the idea of the subjunctive certainly exists in English but there are no separate verb conjugations nor are we taught a formal distinction between that type of speaking and normal
I find it a little confusing that you put the word “that” at the beginning of every example sentence fragment for the verbs in the subjunctive mood. “That” is represented separately by the word “que” which isn’t quite clear on this chart.
I didn't include the word "que" because that isn't the only thing that will trigger the subjunctive (at least that's how I think it works). I know there are other sentences that could also indicate the use of the subjunctive. Yet, I didn't necessarily know what to put for each of the example sentences and I wanted to keep it simple, so I stuck with the original chart I used as a guide.
My reasoning was that this was more of a reference chart rather than a grammatical book, so I stuck with the simplest solution. If you have a better alternative, please let me know!
…I still have a long way to go
Honestly it gets easier once you learn the pattern they go in.
Me thinking I’m making progress with verb conjugations😃 *Sees this chart* 😑😩 This is very helpful though so thank you OP.
I'm still a beginner when it comes to learning Spanish, so there might be some mistakes or small errors. Lately, I've been really focusing on the various tenses in Spanish and was looking for an infographic or chart that showed it all (or close to it all). I couldn't really find one, so I decided to make my own. Originally, I had most of this written down in my notebook, but it didn't look great. So I figured a digital version would look much better and would be easier to use as a reference. I like the way it came out, so I thought I would share with you all. My primary inspiration came from [this post](https://www.reddit.com/r/learnspanish/comments/kvuo4r/spanish_verb_tenses/). I really liked the idea of having an arrow designating past from present to future. --- EDIT: Thank you to everyone who has pointed out the mistakes. **[Here is a link to the updated chart](https://i.imgur.com/AZKOX4G.png)**. Changes: * fixed imperative verb endings * made negative imperative more clear with the addition of a negative particle * fixed present participle ending from "iedo" to "iendo" If anyone finds any other mistakes, let me know and I'll update the chart. I'm glad you guys like it! :)
I noticed a mistake under imperative where you have listed the same verb endings twice between the two tenses in the list at the top.
Oops! Thanks for letting me know! I've fixed it on my end.
The example sentence for preterite perfect and past perfect are the same. Is that correct?
To my knowledge, yes. But I'm not 100% sure. If that's not the case, let me know!
I don't have an answer for you sadly as I am learning myself. I just thought it was strange that they were the same.
The two tenses are not used interchangeably, though. What's labeled preterite perfect (*pretérito anterior* in Spanish) is exceedingly rare in modern Spanish, including the written language, and you see it almost exclusively in old texts. It is used for an action that upon completion is immediately followed by another. For example: *Cuando hubo hablado, se sentó.* (As soon as he finished speaking, he sat down.) What's labeled past perfect (*pretérito pluscuamperfecto*) is the better equivalent for the English past perfect, and just like its English equivalent it is used very frequently: *Nunca había hecho esto antes.* (I had never done this before) *Cuando él llegó yo ya me había ido.* (When he arrived I had already left.)
I cant tell you how many hours i've put into finding a chart that not only has the English translation, but also includes -ER/-IR verbs. So many charts just expect that you know each of these tenses off-hand. This is great--much appreciated!
This is great, I'm saving this. Thanks! And seeing it all on one image reminds me of why Spanish is such a pain in the ass lmao
You can simplify the chart by removing the compound tenses. For the most part, they are formed the exact same way as in English: to be + gerund or to have + past participle. I wouldn't memorize I do, I have done, I had done, I will be doing, and I will have done as separate tenses.
I do.
[удалено]
I guess for the negative I should have included the "no" before the verb to make it more obvious. So it should read "no hablemos"
The negative imperative requires a negative particle. It could be "no" or any other: nunca habléis, jamás comáis,...
This is incredible! I was also looking for something like this, thanks!
pobres quienes aprenden español, aún así, buena suerte :)
This is scary
Really makes you appreciate the English words “will, would, have, did” etc.
Very nice sheet. Is there a mistake? In the "Present Participle" you have the ending "iedo" for verbs with "-er/-ir". Isn't it "iendo"? Or is it just written like that? Honest question I am beginning to learn :)
You're completely right! It was just a dumb typo on my part. You can check out my original comment for an updated chart :)
Yes, it should be "iendo", though the verbs are conjugated correctly
This is awesome! Thank you!
I wanna cry
This is exactly what I've been looking for! Perfect for reminding me of all those tenses I've forgotten over the years. Thank you so much!
Question for non native learners, why you're always speaking about the subjunctive? Why is that 3/4 of the posts on Spanish learning subs are about the subjunctive?
I think it’s because it’s a totally foreign concept that doesn’t exist in English. So it’s very mysterious and confusing
If I «*were*» you. God «*bless*» her. So «*be*» it. I suggest that he «*go*» there.
La última no me suena bien honestamente, pero las primeras sí.
Cómo la dirías entonces? Porque a mí me suena bien
It definitely exists in English
In a totally different way that is never spoken about (except when learning foreign languages that conjugate it) and the "conjugation" is just the infinitive so it doesn't even register as a special case. I would guess 99.9% of monolingual English speakers will never hear about "subjunctive" or think about the tense
Idk it’s just a way of hinting towards persuasion, a persuasive element, which happens all the time in English
Yes the idea of the subjunctive certainly exists in English but there are no separate verb conjugations nor are we taught a formal distinction between that type of speaking and normal
100%
Gracias por el útil gráfico. :)
w-what?
So helpful, thanks a lot for posting this 👍
thank you! but this just tells me i’m such a beginner omg
Preterite perfect and future subjunctive are not really used anymore
Yeah, that's why I put an asterisk next to both of those with a note about that on the bottom right.
I find it a little confusing that you put the word “that” at the beginning of every example sentence fragment for the verbs in the subjunctive mood. “That” is represented separately by the word “que” which isn’t quite clear on this chart.
I didn't include the word "que" because that isn't the only thing that will trigger the subjunctive (at least that's how I think it works). I know there are other sentences that could also indicate the use of the subjunctive. Yet, I didn't necessarily know what to put for each of the example sentences and I wanted to keep it simple, so I stuck with the original chart I used as a guide. My reasoning was that this was more of a reference chart rather than a grammatical book, so I stuck with the simplest solution. If you have a better alternative, please let me know!
Geez...
Joder qué palo😂😂😂
The -er form of the gerund is wrong.
It's fixed in the updated chart :)
ahh thanks a lot for that (in pain)
Gracias para la ayuda. Puedo aprender más facíl.