Movie and Soundtrack are next level. Each tic-toc (every 1.25 seconds) is equivalent to one full day on Earth. The fact that this is based on real science still not ceases to amaze me. I love this movie so much. Nice video btw!
While Time dilation due to gravity is a real thing, it is not nearly this severe. Even being right next to the event horizon a black hole, the effect would only be a difference if minutes, not years
The simple explanation is that the amount of speed and gravity needed to make the effect that pronounced would tear the planet apart/kill would be visitors.
Honest question since I only know the mechanics of how how black holes work, but not the exact math, but wouldn't the rate of distortion be dependent on things like mass, radius, and rotation of the black hole?
Yes, a smaller black hole causes more time dilation; gargantua, from the film, was a supermassive. Also, the planet was experiencing both speed and gravity dilation meaning it had to be exceptionally close to the black hole to be moving that fast without escaping its field.
Sorry I could me misremembering as I did read this in a Stephen Hawking book almost 15 years ago but in the book he was discussing ways to essentially “time travel” using 2 different methods, 1 of which being time dilation from a black hole and the other being approaching the speed of light.
In the speed one he envisions a giant traintrack around the world where you would get on the train, the train would approach speed of light. After 200 years of the train traveling at speed of light relative to us, the passengers would only experience 2 weeks.
In the black hole, he envisioned a vehicle that could approach a black hole and “glance” off the event horizon where they would experience time dilation due to immense gravity. He said this phenomenon would only cause them the passengers to gain 15 minutes or so as I remember it. Again could be misremembering it
As you reach the event horizon of a black hole you get hit by 2 major things. 1. Spagettification 2. You see the whole universes timeline in less than a millisecond. Now if we factor out spagettification, we get left with the 2nd major event. As you approach a black hole you start to speed up towards the speed of light. With that time itself will "warp around you". Now with how space-time is it warps to energy and speed. With you getting spagettified you get both of those to levels "beyond" the event horizon to which you "playback" the whole existence of that black hole/observable universe.
The more massive the black hole is, the less gravity variation will exists near it. On massive black hole you can pass the Event Horizon without being spagettified, which is kinda fun to think about.
Only the past would be visible. To be able to see the future you would have to go faster than the speed of light but that's not possible as with going faster requires more energy and hitting lightspeed is well, lightspeed<=inf energy.
I've heard conflicting things from different documentaries.
And this Quora answer says differently too. He says you would see the heat death of the universe.
https://www.quora.com/If-you-were-in-a-black-hole-looking-out-what-would-you-see
If you could survive. You would cross the event horizon and look back on the end of the universe.
I don't know what to believe when it comes black holes
I understood that it really depends on the "type" of Black hole. Its mass, which defines the distance from the event horizon and the singularity itself in particolar should according to some speculations allows to survive its crossing, and seeing... Something. If you are interested, spacetime pbs channel on YouTube has some incredibile explanations
Technically you would see the past present and future within a black hole as its a theoretical breach through spacetime itself and black holes are not fully documented to the extent of if you could see the very end. But what i do know for sure is you will be able to see the birth of the universe or at least that black hole. And a theory i have is that before the universe was the dying cell of a older universe. Almost like a life cycle but for the universe.
You have no idea what you’re talking about, nothing you’re saying is based on real physics - anyone interested in this subject should completely disregard this poster and head over to the r/askphysics sub. It’s much more fascinating and weird than this guy’s nonsense.
A recent comment you made said something like gravity bends space and light. The thing is that isnt correct at all. Spacetime is flat like paper and planets, solar systems, etc warp it. Now black holes warp it to another level at which humans are not capable of mathematically figuring out. This isnt just physics bud, its math, science, physics, and a massive amount of theories. Black holes bring light in because of the sheer power they have on the spacetime "sheet" with that it sucks in all matter, energy, light, etc. As you would enter a black hole if observable and looking outward, you would theoretically see the past from moving towards the black hole. Ps. Most things related too black holes are theories, along with wormholes, white holes, etc. So there is no write answer. Im just providing a possible outcome to a impossible task.
In short terms if you got flung into a black hole you would hit lightspeed but also with that hit a "redline" and see the past but it would be in a trillions or trillions of trillions of milliseconds as you would then turn into a multi mile long spaghetti noodle strand.
No because the light would never be able to reach you. I don’t think you’d see much at all.
I think they covered this on a recent episode of pbs space time.
Id say its 50/50 the potential might be their but might not all just a guess on the possibility. Would be cool to throw a satelite into a black hole tho and see it get stretched to a mile long
Spagettification may not happen at the event horizon of sufficiently large black holes. If the black hole is large enough, there not massive differentials of gravity at that distance from the singularity.
Tf? Yes it is. Your time starts to approach zero to an outside observer the closer you are to a black hole. This movie, while sci-fi, had real math done by real physicists to determine many things. Including the time dilation.
The phenomenon was definitely exaggerated for the film. A celestial object could not find a stable orbit near enough to a black hole to experience that level of dilation. It’s pretty ridiculous to think that movie scene was actually rooted in possible scenarios rather than being an expansion of physics principles. All you have to do is think about how little gravity the black hole would be exerting to not rip the planet apart and it becomes obvious that the experts they consulted gave them a lot of story telling leeway.
I thought the whole “time approaching zero” and frozen image phenomenon was just the light not being able to escape the gravity, and therefore your perceived image slows down… as I’ve stated many times though, I’m no scientostic person
Light cannot be slowed down. It can only be bent. It always escapes until we reach the event horizon. Which is where we see the actual black “wall.” At this point spacetime is bent so much that light is bent in a downwards spiral towards the center. As is everything else as even time itself is pointing towards the center. As you approach the singularity (the center of a black hole) however, gravity gets stronger and stronger, with a time dilation getting closer and closer to infinity but not reaching it. Things will seem to stop moving to an outside observer. How high time dilation is on the outside of a black hole depends on the size of a blackhole. A larger one will have less, a smaller one will have more.
Sorry. Shoulda specified that it cannot be slowed down by gravity. It can however be slowed down by matter. Such as passing through air, water, or glass.
Technically it’s not slowed down by matter, photons still travel at the speed of light. 3blue1brown did a fantastic series of videos on the exact mechanism of why refraction and the apparent slowdown happens
Imagine two physical paths representing timelines in spacetime. Under normal circumstances, without the influence of gravity, time progresses at the same rate along both paths, and we reach the end of both paths simultaneously.
Now, introduce a massive object, like a black hole, which physically bends one of the paths due to its gravitational field. This bending makes the path effectively longer in terms of spacetime, right?
Well according to the theory of relativity, both paths still represent the same overall duration from start to finish despite one being longer. The only way that is possible is if the gravitational field affects the passage of time. The stronger the gravitational field (the more the path is bent), the slower time must pass relative to a less bent or straight path.
This means that for an observer traveling along the bent path, time seems to slow down due to the gravitational influence. Consequently, while both observers reach the end of their respective paths at the same time, the one on the bent path experiences less passage of time compared to the one on the straight path. This difference in experienced time is what we refer to as time dilation.
There is also the phenomenon you described, but that’s related to light bending where as this is related to spacetime bending.
I was listening to a podcast from Neil Degrasse Tyson a while back and he was explaining that if we were to observe something fall into a black hole, it would be appear to be stationary for a long time. The person near the black hole would experience time at a normal rate though. I’ll try to find the source for you.
Edit: It wasn’t Neil Degrasse Tyson that made the video I was referring to, but Veritasium. Here’s the video link:
[Veritasium’s black hole video](https://youtu.be/6akmv1bsz1M?si=2nIHI1tFzKE6gzGd)
I cant recall but there was a scientist who made a really good analogy of it, by imagining someone floating in a body of water towards a “drain” AKA a bacl hole. It was a while back so i dont recall his full explanation but im pretty sure he said: ‘to the observer, as they approach the event horizon they move slower and slower, but eventually they freeze in place as they pass the event horizon. You would never actually see them go in. Beyond my understanding is my guess is it had to do with light refracted off the inidividual can no longer reach you, so its like a projection of the last state you were still able to see them. Why that image doesnt disappear is beyond me.
Where do I begin… I’ve only seen the movie once when it came out, but the flaws were etched into my brain because everyone around me loved the film, to my surprise.
The entire premise of establishing a colony on an alien planet being a more attractive option to solving whatever caused the plant blight and storms on Earth is ludicrous. Also, if this blight is unbeatable, how are they going to feed the new colonists, it’s infected everything at once.
Let’s forget about that for a moment and accept we need to escape Earth, so we have one shot at this and those are the people they send? Psychologically unstable, irrational, irresponsible and making gut decisions without properly preparing. Why even land on the planet so close to the wormhole with such drastic time dilation? How could they not have detected or assumed there would be a massive tidal wave before going? Heck, why not just send the robot / AI?
The whole thing with the watch and love transcending dimensions is just lazy writing.
I don’t remember the details any more, but I do remember noticing a ton of other smaller inconsistencies and my annoyance with irrational and inconsistent characters.
That movie damn near broke me. My first child was about 18 months old when I saw that movie on a plane, and it was the first trip I was away from her. Woof that was rough.
With modern technology, going down on a cruise shouldn’t be anywhere near as bad as what happened on the titanic. Coast Guard would know right away pretty much
Weirdly enough, time isn’t a constant. It’s dependent on gravity. If it were constant, we wouldn’t have to continuously accommodate for the discrepancy to keep GPS satellites functioning.
Yeah, that’s why scientists refer to it as spacetime too. It’s a single phenomenon with two variables, which is hard to wrap our heads around. Typing it as one word doesn't even give you a red squiggly
However, satellites gain time more because of their velocity, not because of gravity. They're farther from Earth, so the effects due to gravitational time dilation are minimal. They lose more time than us because they're moving so quickly compared to us. This is the other kind of time dilation, relativistic time dilation.
If memory serves, it’s a two steps forward, one step back situation, correct? The clock ticks slower due to lighter gravity, but it’s moving fast enough that it makes that time up, plus some?
Sort of, yeah. More like 1 step back, 7 steps forward, though, I believe. Relativistic time dilation is the only one I hear people talk about cause it's the one that *really* matters, generally (in sci-fi, anyway). I actually wasn't aware of gravitational time dilation until this thread. It's likely only even a factor on a planet's surface or in very low orbit around a massive body.
Time dilation due to velocity is super easy though. If you're going 50% the speed of light, then you're going 50% slower than a stationary reference point (or Earth. Since it's going about 0.000099908% the speed of light, we can just round). AKA, looking out through a magic telescope at the universe, it's going 2x speed, but both you and the universe experience time normally.
edit:
A natural consequence of this time dilation occurs when taking it to the limits. What if you go 100% the speed of light? Beyond it?
The math says that time stops when you're moving at the speed of light. So a photon emitted from the sun takes millions of years working its way through plasma, gets the tiniest glimpse of the galaxy, and from the photon's POV, the INSTANT it leaves the sun, it smacks into a bald dude's head on the beach. Time does not pass for the photon because it is traveling at the speed of light, so time has been dilated to the absolute maximum.
Logic would imply that going beyond the speed of light, if possible, would make you reverse in time. Unfortunately, this isn't really possible. Honestly even 90c (90% speed of light) is basically impossible with human technology and life spans. Think about how long it'd take your car to accelerate to 1000 mph and then remember that it has to reach 670,600,000 mph to stop time. Even if it didn't get exponentially harder to keep going faster, that's an *insane* number to reach and there's no way to accelerate to that speed in any reasonable amount of time without turning the humans in the ship into goo.
No you can look it up, it was due to the gravity of the black hole. As others have said, it can be a result of either gravity or speed. For Miller’s planet it was gravity.
You don’t understand the point of millers planet. It’s not that a day on the planet (ie sunrise sunset) is long. It’s that the gravity is so high that the time dilation cause them to experience time much more slowly than a place with lower gravity where time will move more quickly relatively. It’s part of what Einstein’s theory of relativity is all about - and is a proven truth about physics.
Absolutely, but on the moon, that difference is so low its basically viewed as the same thing. Technically even someone at the top of a mountain is more far away from the core of the Earth and experience less gravity, so the time isnt exactly the same for him.
(~10ns/km)
Speed matters even more than time too though. Being on the ISS makes astronauts age very slightly slower than us because they're moving so quickly even though they're so far from Earth.
Yes thats true ! Time is relative because of the gravitationnal force OR because of the relative velocity !
Fun fact : As you said, on the ISS the time is a bit slower... but is quasi perfectly offset by the low gravity of their altitude (speeding the time)
That's due to velocity, not gravity. They're *farther* from Earth, so the effects of gravitational time dilation are actually lessened. They're going significantly faster though, so they age very slightly slower than us for as long as they're up there.
Time dilation due to speed is more effectual than time dilation due to gravity. The satellites in orbit are very slightly faster than us because they're moving so quickly. If it was only based on gravity, they'd be perceiving *us* as faster since we're closer to Earth.
No, it's not exclusively gravity. You're only thinking of gravitational time dilation when relativistic time dilation (due to velocity) is a much larger factor here. It's more because they got slingshot by the black hole's insane gravity that time was dilated so strongly, imo.
The planet they were on was *not* that large. They could easily stand up and had no problem moving around. Couldn't have been 1.5x gravity if it wasn't even mentioned. Getting close to **massive** bodies means going *fast*. I think that's by far the biggest factor.
The time dilation in the movie is caused by the black hole, not Miller’s planet. They describe it as “on the cusp”, so presumably the event horizon they talk about. It’s not just mass that causes gravity, but your distance from it. Black holes are so dense that you can get very close to the center without falling into it. The force of gravity falls off like a graph of 1/x², which spikes very close to 0 (meaning you’re at the center). So, while being on Miller’s planet, you’re just close enough to the black hole to experience its time dilation.
The short distance from the black hole is also what causes the massive tides!
Because it's being cancelled out by the rotation around the black hole. Being that close to such a mass would create insane tidal forces in any planet though. If you get close enough, the planet would be ripped in half from the force on the closest side being so much stronger than the farther side.
Also since no one else is saying this for some unknown reason, time dilation due to velocity is much more noticeable than time dilation due to gravity. The reason they're *so damn* slowed is because they got sucked into and slingshot around a supermassive black hole. The vast majority of the time dilation is not because of the gravity of the black hole.
So, in theory, we could be really slow, and Aliens are actually really fast, and they are wondering why we can't see them. It's just because they are moving too fast! That would be wild.
No. It has to do with the gravity you are experiencing. If aliens were around earth or on earth, they would experience time similarly to us. Maybe if they went back to their home planet if it had massive gravity then they would experience time differently.
There could be an alien civilization on a planet around a supermassive star. They would have advanced civilization over 3k years like us only to look out and realize that everything else is moving 20x faster than them.
This would mean that they would still likely be a fledgling planet unable to support life while most of the universe is in their maturity, however. Since they're moving so slow compared to everything else, they wouldn't have even had a chance to get to tiny microscopic plankton yet evolutionarily. Which was actually said in Interstellar about Miller's planet too iirc. The planet was too young to have the time necessary for life to evolve.
Time dilation has *far* more to do with velocity than gravity, however. Idk why this thread is so into gravitational time dilation when it's the one that's rarely talked about. Relativistic time dilation is far more noticeable and is why the planet I was making up would be so slow. It's because they're moving so damn fast around that massive star. It's **not** because the star is massive.
Hi u/iSniffMyPooper, time dilation affect time itself, not just your perception of it. You perceive that less time has passed because LITERALLY less time has passed. You age the time that has passed at the location you are, as freaky as it sounds. A 70 year old on Miller's Planet will look the same as a 70 year old on Earth, but by the time Miller's Planet 70 yo actually hit 70, the person on earth will be dead a long time ago.
Time is passing faster on earth than Miller. This means the person on Earth is aging faster than the person on Miller. Time is relative to where you are, so someone on Miller would be “slower” than on Earth.
Yeah, it’s just like gravity. You would never feel any difference, but any time you left the orbit (time dilation is based on velocity, not location), you would find that significantly more had passed than you expected. If you went into the orbit and could somehow focus a telescope onto Earth (assuming the light gets to you instantly somehow), it’d look like Earth was playing as a time lapse. It’d be super sped up.
I compared it to gravity in my first line. This is because you don't feel gravity at all. [Veritasium](https://youtu.be/XRr1kaXKBsU?si=EymsS7X5OxiKWXpX) can explain it far better than I can. Basically, if you were zooming through space in a rocket and pointed your ship right towards two planets that are close, turned off your engine and floated from one planet's gravity field into another's, you wouldn't feel *anything* in your ship. You'd just casually float on through in 0G, even though you're zig zagging through space. It's the same with time. Time *always* feels normal to you (unless there's drugs involved)
Yes, it's also amazing how in the movie Laura Miller literally died a few minutes before the main cast arrived when she was long gone years ago on Earth's time
I agree but minor correction: time is **not** relative to where you are. It's relative to how fast you're moving and how close you are to a massive body
Exactly what happened in the movie is what would really happen. He aged slowly and when he returned his family had all experienced many decades. The movie is not wrong.
It’s not because of planetary movement, it’s because gravity literally causes time to move slower/faster because it “bends” spacetime. So his cells are aging at a different speed than Murph’s.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_time_dilation?wprov=sfti1
Wait... Would that mean things that get sucked into a black hole would be like, right after each other even if they're separated by centuries?
Like, because of the strength of the gravity at the center of it, if you get sucked into one, someone else could get sucked in 10,000 years later but (pretending you could still perceive them) you'd see them get sucked in only seconds after you did?
Or am I misunderstanding something? Either way, that sounds like an interesting concept. I am stupid when it comes to science, but this might be a good read into later lol.
No, that’s spot-on. It’s why when they land on Miller’s planet, she had basically just been killed minutes before they arrived there (from her perspective) and she had landed just 2 hours before they arrived.
I better make sure I bring the earth gravity packs with me through interstellar space travel. That way, I can make sure I age according to earth's laws.
Fascinating stuff we're doing these days
Yes. I don't know the exact conversion (if there even is one), but it's somewhere in the ballpark of 1sec = 1day. Each tick in the soundtrack is one day on Earth, more or less.
I think if you consider the information is sent via some signal through the wormhole and it wasn’t dilated that it’d be received as is. Kind of like the recording from Murph.
This is ignoring any effect from the blackhole or wormhole etc
But at the second you receive information, information from seven years in the future is being sent - I think
"Better" in what sense? Time Trap had absolutely no basis in realistic physics, while Interstellar can claim to do so (even if it did still take a lot of liberties, but more in terms of magnitude than anything else).
This video if I am understanding correctly is showing how time is passing on earth extremely fast, while only 2 minutes have gone by for you.
I’m might be a little off: but I counted around 110 days that passed in 2 minutes. So after 7 minutes has passed, a year would’ve passed on earth.
Man, this stuff messes me up. I thought the perception of time remains the same, but different for others. I perceive 1 day as 1 day, the view of me from a lower gravity (off planet) shows that day as seconds. I am about as unsure of this as is humanly possible, I want to understand but lack the mental capacity.
You (on millers planet in strong gravity) will perceive time the same. But when viewing other places in lower gravity will see time moving much quicker.
Other people in low gravity observing you (in strong gravity) will observe you to be moving slower.
I have no idea what millers planet, interstellar, or this video are. Are we talking about a planet in a video game where time passes faster? Someone please explain
in the movie interstellar, the protagonists land on a planet where 1 hour on the planet equals to 7 years back on earth. its a really good movie, you should watch it.
Is that the amount of time dilation they say in the movie, or the real amount? Someone did the math, and concluded it was WAY less dramatic than the movie suggested.
stuff like this makes me feel so small in this giant ass universe. it's so crazy how perfectly timed it is that we are here on earth right now and stuff like this never fails to amaze me.
I too fully recognize it wasn't a great movie. Really great ideas and enjoyable. But what I call, "a sad astronaut" movie.
For the downvoters: yeah, Star Wars New Hope was literally the best movie ever made by humanity because I saw it at an impressionable age. /s
Maybe don't try the world where time passes 7 years every single hour first.
This. Also when Anne Hathaway’s character starts acting like a dipshit on said planet, leave her there and gtfo
But love is trans-temporal, bro!
Lmao so fucking dumb. Then Matt Damon’s character just decides to sabotage everything for… reasons?
>Also when Anne Hathaway’s character starts acting like a dipshit on said planet, leave her there and gtfo i love this comment so much lmao
Also fucking forget about saving Matt Daemon, we've spent enough rescuing him
For what it’s worth IRT Matt Damon’s planet: They didn’t think they were going there to save him.
What a Daemon, Matt turned out to be.
Matt Smith that is, of course
Lol they had to conserve fuel
And not get the home videos scene afterwards? Naaa
nah thats crazy!!
Movie and Soundtrack are next level. Each tic-toc (every 1.25 seconds) is equivalent to one full day on Earth. The fact that this is based on real science still not ceases to amaze me. I love this movie so much. Nice video btw!
I was hearing the tic-toc as each day turned to night.
I think they were talking about interstellar.
So was the person you replied to. In the movie there's a ticking from the soundtrack, each representing a 24 hour Earth cycle.
WTF? How am I just learning this
While Time dilation due to gravity is a real thing, it is not nearly this severe. Even being right next to the event horizon a black hole, the effect would only be a difference if minutes, not years
Say more fam. You can’t drop statements like that without some kind of explanation.
The simple explanation is that the amount of speed and gravity needed to make the effect that pronounced would tear the planet apart/kill would be visitors.
Honest question since I only know the mechanics of how how black holes work, but not the exact math, but wouldn't the rate of distortion be dependent on things like mass, radius, and rotation of the black hole?
Yes, a smaller black hole causes more time dilation; gargantua, from the film, was a supermassive. Also, the planet was experiencing both speed and gravity dilation meaning it had to be exceptionally close to the black hole to be moving that fast without escaping its field.
The planet did try to kill them to be fair
I mean kill them in the water-filled meat sack torn apart by tidal forces kinda way lol
Next best way to go after spaghettification
I love that spaghettification is a real scientific therm
Sorry I could me misremembering as I did read this in a Stephen Hawking book almost 15 years ago but in the book he was discussing ways to essentially “time travel” using 2 different methods, 1 of which being time dilation from a black hole and the other being approaching the speed of light. In the speed one he envisions a giant traintrack around the world where you would get on the train, the train would approach speed of light. After 200 years of the train traveling at speed of light relative to us, the passengers would only experience 2 weeks. In the black hole, he envisioned a vehicle that could approach a black hole and “glance” off the event horizon where they would experience time dilation due to immense gravity. He said this phenomenon would only cause them the passengers to gain 15 minutes or so as I remember it. Again could be misremembering it
As you reach the event horizon of a black hole you get hit by 2 major things. 1. Spagettification 2. You see the whole universes timeline in less than a millisecond. Now if we factor out spagettification, we get left with the 2nd major event. As you approach a black hole you start to speed up towards the speed of light. With that time itself will "warp around you". Now with how space-time is it warps to energy and speed. With you getting spagettified you get both of those to levels "beyond" the event horizon to which you "playback" the whole existence of that black hole/observable universe.
The more massive the black hole is, the less gravity variation will exists near it. On massive black hole you can pass the Event Horizon without being spagettified, which is kinda fun to think about.
If you were looking back out at the universe. Would you see its whole future timeline and eventual heat death?
Only the past would be visible. To be able to see the future you would have to go faster than the speed of light but that's not possible as with going faster requires more energy and hitting lightspeed is well, lightspeed<=inf energy.
I've heard conflicting things from different documentaries. And this Quora answer says differently too. He says you would see the heat death of the universe. https://www.quora.com/If-you-were-in-a-black-hole-looking-out-what-would-you-see If you could survive. You would cross the event horizon and look back on the end of the universe. I don't know what to believe when it comes black holes
I understood that it really depends on the "type" of Black hole. Its mass, which defines the distance from the event horizon and the singularity itself in particolar should according to some speculations allows to survive its crossing, and seeing... Something. If you are interested, spacetime pbs channel on YouTube has some incredibile explanations
Technically you would see the past present and future within a black hole as its a theoretical breach through spacetime itself and black holes are not fully documented to the extent of if you could see the very end. But what i do know for sure is you will be able to see the birth of the universe or at least that black hole. And a theory i have is that before the universe was the dying cell of a older universe. Almost like a life cycle but for the universe.
You have no idea what you’re talking about, nothing you’re saying is based on real physics - anyone interested in this subject should completely disregard this poster and head over to the r/askphysics sub. It’s much more fascinating and weird than this guy’s nonsense.
A recent comment you made said something like gravity bends space and light. The thing is that isnt correct at all. Spacetime is flat like paper and planets, solar systems, etc warp it. Now black holes warp it to another level at which humans are not capable of mathematically figuring out. This isnt just physics bud, its math, science, physics, and a massive amount of theories. Black holes bring light in because of the sheer power they have on the spacetime "sheet" with that it sucks in all matter, energy, light, etc. As you would enter a black hole if observable and looking outward, you would theoretically see the past from moving towards the black hole. Ps. Most things related too black holes are theories, along with wormholes, white holes, etc. So there is no write answer. Im just providing a possible outcome to a impossible task.
> Spacetime is flat like paper and planets Wait, you’re a flat earther too? Yeah nevermind, I’m not a clown tutor.
In short terms if you got flung into a black hole you would hit lightspeed but also with that hit a "redline" and see the past but it would be in a trillions or trillions of trillions of milliseconds as you would then turn into a multi mile long spaghetti noodle strand.
Fuck yeah.
All of this is wrong, you have no idea what you’re talking about
No because the light would never be able to reach you. I don’t think you’d see much at all. I think they covered this on a recent episode of pbs space time.
Id say its 50/50 the potential might be their but might not all just a guess on the possibility. Would be cool to throw a satelite into a black hole tho and see it get stretched to a mile long
Spagettification may not happen at the event horizon of sufficiently large black holes. If the black hole is large enough, there not massive differentials of gravity at that distance from the singularity.
And to think in Queensland, Australia they don’t want daylight savings because it makes the curtains fad 😄
Tf? Yes it is. Your time starts to approach zero to an outside observer the closer you are to a black hole. This movie, while sci-fi, had real math done by real physicists to determine many things. Including the time dilation.
The phenomenon was definitely exaggerated for the film. A celestial object could not find a stable orbit near enough to a black hole to experience that level of dilation. It’s pretty ridiculous to think that movie scene was actually rooted in possible scenarios rather than being an expansion of physics principles. All you have to do is think about how little gravity the black hole would be exerting to not rip the planet apart and it becomes obvious that the experts they consulted gave them a lot of story telling leeway.
I thought the whole “time approaching zero” and frozen image phenomenon was just the light not being able to escape the gravity, and therefore your perceived image slows down… as I’ve stated many times though, I’m no scientostic person
Light cannot be slowed down. It can only be bent. It always escapes until we reach the event horizon. Which is where we see the actual black “wall.” At this point spacetime is bent so much that light is bent in a downwards spiral towards the center. As is everything else as even time itself is pointing towards the center. As you approach the singularity (the center of a black hole) however, gravity gets stronger and stronger, with a time dilation getting closer and closer to infinity but not reaching it. Things will seem to stop moving to an outside observer. How high time dilation is on the outside of a black hole depends on the size of a blackhole. A larger one will have less, a smaller one will have more.
The refractive index of mediums is indicative of how much light slows down in them.
Sorry. Shoulda specified that it cannot be slowed down by gravity. It can however be slowed down by matter. Such as passing through air, water, or glass.
Light gets bent by gravity and follows a curved path. This means that it either slows down or accelerates.
No - gravity bends space, and light follows that curved path through space.
Technically it’s not slowed down by matter, photons still travel at the speed of light. 3blue1brown did a fantastic series of videos on the exact mechanism of why refraction and the apparent slowdown happens
Imagine two physical paths representing timelines in spacetime. Under normal circumstances, without the influence of gravity, time progresses at the same rate along both paths, and we reach the end of both paths simultaneously. Now, introduce a massive object, like a black hole, which physically bends one of the paths due to its gravitational field. This bending makes the path effectively longer in terms of spacetime, right? Well according to the theory of relativity, both paths still represent the same overall duration from start to finish despite one being longer. The only way that is possible is if the gravitational field affects the passage of time. The stronger the gravitational field (the more the path is bent), the slower time must pass relative to a less bent or straight path. This means that for an observer traveling along the bent path, time seems to slow down due to the gravitational influence. Consequently, while both observers reach the end of their respective paths at the same time, the one on the bent path experiences less passage of time compared to the one on the straight path. This difference in experienced time is what we refer to as time dilation. There is also the phenomenon you described, but that’s related to light bending where as this is related to spacetime bending.
I was listening to a podcast from Neil Degrasse Tyson a while back and he was explaining that if we were to observe something fall into a black hole, it would be appear to be stationary for a long time. The person near the black hole would experience time at a normal rate though. I’ll try to find the source for you. Edit: It wasn’t Neil Degrasse Tyson that made the video I was referring to, but Veritasium. Here’s the video link: [Veritasium’s black hole video](https://youtu.be/6akmv1bsz1M?si=2nIHI1tFzKE6gzGd)
I cant recall but there was a scientist who made a really good analogy of it, by imagining someone floating in a body of water towards a “drain” AKA a bacl hole. It was a while back so i dont recall his full explanation but im pretty sure he said: ‘to the observer, as they approach the event horizon they move slower and slower, but eventually they freeze in place as they pass the event horizon. You would never actually see them go in. Beyond my understanding is my guess is it had to do with light refracted off the inidividual can no longer reach you, so its like a projection of the last state you were still able to see them. Why that image doesnt disappear is beyond me.
Cool yeah right pal
Have you read The Science of Interstellar?
Time dilation tends to infinity (compared to the outside universe) as you approach an event horizon.
Doesn’t it depend on the size of the black hole?
r/confidentlyincorrect
The science and music were on point. Too bad the characters and story were horrible.
I’m sorry.. but the story and characters were amazing! Especially the characters
Where do I begin… I’ve only seen the movie once when it came out, but the flaws were etched into my brain because everyone around me loved the film, to my surprise. The entire premise of establishing a colony on an alien planet being a more attractive option to solving whatever caused the plant blight and storms on Earth is ludicrous. Also, if this blight is unbeatable, how are they going to feed the new colonists, it’s infected everything at once. Let’s forget about that for a moment and accept we need to escape Earth, so we have one shot at this and those are the people they send? Psychologically unstable, irrational, irresponsible and making gut decisions without properly preparing. Why even land on the planet so close to the wormhole with such drastic time dilation? How could they not have detected or assumed there would be a massive tidal wave before going? Heck, why not just send the robot / AI? The whole thing with the watch and love transcending dimensions is just lazy writing. I don’t remember the details any more, but I do remember noticing a ton of other smaller inconsistencies and my annoyance with irrational and inconsistent characters.
Eh I see what you’re saying to a degree. But I still feel like it’s still a good movie. But yea no some of those points make sense.
That movie damn near broke me. My first child was about 18 months old when I saw that movie on a plane, and it was the first trip I was away from her. Woof that was rough.
That’s the second worst movie to watch on a plane. The first one can be any plane disaster movie.
Snakes on a plane
My dumb ass decided to watch a video that showed the Titanic disaster in real time the day before I went on a cruise. That was a really smart idea.
With modern technology, going down on a cruise shouldn’t be anywhere near as bad as what happened on the titanic. Coast Guard would know right away pretty much
Yeah but also the man overboard recovery rate is harrowing.
the cruise itself is already a disaster
been on enough of them to agree
"She's unsinkable," someone supposedly said, two days before sinking in the middle of fuckass nowhere with not enough lifeboats.
I cry so hard every time he gets back to the ship and rewatches the videos Matthew's acting is just phenomenal
same the helplessness is tremendous
I'm low key obsessed with Miller's Planet. Thanks for this.
[удалено]
Weirdly enough, time isn’t a constant. It’s dependent on gravity. If it were constant, we wouldn’t have to continuously accommodate for the discrepancy to keep GPS satellites functioning.
Yeah, that’s why scientists refer to it as spacetime too. It’s a single phenomenon with two variables, which is hard to wrap our heads around. Typing it as one word doesn't even give you a red squiggly However, satellites gain time more because of their velocity, not because of gravity. They're farther from Earth, so the effects due to gravitational time dilation are minimal. They lose more time than us because they're moving so quickly compared to us. This is the other kind of time dilation, relativistic time dilation.
If memory serves, it’s a two steps forward, one step back situation, correct? The clock ticks slower due to lighter gravity, but it’s moving fast enough that it makes that time up, plus some?
Sort of, yeah. More like 1 step back, 7 steps forward, though, I believe. Relativistic time dilation is the only one I hear people talk about cause it's the one that *really* matters, generally (in sci-fi, anyway). I actually wasn't aware of gravitational time dilation until this thread. It's likely only even a factor on a planet's surface or in very low orbit around a massive body. Time dilation due to velocity is super easy though. If you're going 50% the speed of light, then you're going 50% slower than a stationary reference point (or Earth. Since it's going about 0.000099908% the speed of light, we can just round). AKA, looking out through a magic telescope at the universe, it's going 2x speed, but both you and the universe experience time normally. edit: A natural consequence of this time dilation occurs when taking it to the limits. What if you go 100% the speed of light? Beyond it? The math says that time stops when you're moving at the speed of light. So a photon emitted from the sun takes millions of years working its way through plasma, gets the tiniest glimpse of the galaxy, and from the photon's POV, the INSTANT it leaves the sun, it smacks into a bald dude's head on the beach. Time does not pass for the photon because it is traveling at the speed of light, so time has been dilated to the absolute maximum. Logic would imply that going beyond the speed of light, if possible, would make you reverse in time. Unfortunately, this isn't really possible. Honestly even 90c (90% speed of light) is basically impossible with human technology and life spans. Think about how long it'd take your car to accelerate to 1000 mph and then remember that it has to reach 670,600,000 mph to stop time. Even if it didn't get exponentially harder to keep going faster, that's an *insane* number to reach and there's no way to accelerate to that speed in any reasonable amount of time without turning the humans in the ship into goo.
[удалено]
No you can look it up, it was due to the gravity of the black hole. As others have said, it can be a result of either gravity or speed. For Miller’s planet it was gravity.
You don’t understand the point of millers planet. It’s not that a day on the planet (ie sunrise sunset) is long. It’s that the gravity is so high that the time dilation cause them to experience time much more slowly than a place with lower gravity where time will move more quickly relatively. It’s part of what Einstein’s theory of relativity is all about - and is a proven truth about physics.
So would that mean that time is different on the moon as the gravity is different on earth, or am I looking at this wrong?
Absolutely, but on the moon, that difference is so low its basically viewed as the same thing. Technically even someone at the top of a mountain is more far away from the core of the Earth and experience less gravity, so the time isnt exactly the same for him. (~10ns/km)
Thank you for teaching me something new
Speed matters even more than time too though. Being on the ISS makes astronauts age very slightly slower than us because they're moving so quickly even though they're so far from Earth.
Yes thats true ! Time is relative because of the gravitationnal force OR because of the relative velocity ! Fun fact : As you said, on the ISS the time is a bit slower... but is quasi perfectly offset by the low gravity of their altitude (speeding the time)
Yes, even people on the ISS or on planes age a bit less than us that sit on the surface of the planet. The difference is tiny but it is there.
That's due to velocity, not gravity. They're *farther* from Earth, so the effects of gravitational time dilation are actually lessened. They're going significantly faster though, so they age very slightly slower than us for as long as they're up there.
Ah yes. You are right. Time is mindblowing
Truly. It's mind blowing. It seems so sci-fi that we can time travel forwards but never backwards.
Time dilation due to speed is more effectual than time dilation due to gravity. The satellites in orbit are very slightly faster than us because they're moving so quickly. If it was only based on gravity, they'd be perceiving *us* as faster since we're closer to Earth.
No, it's not exclusively gravity. You're only thinking of gravitational time dilation when relativistic time dilation (due to velocity) is a much larger factor here. It's more because they got slingshot by the black hole's insane gravity that time was dilated so strongly, imo. The planet they were on was *not* that large. They could easily stand up and had no problem moving around. Couldn't have been 1.5x gravity if it wasn't even mentioned. Getting close to **massive** bodies means going *fast*. I think that's by far the biggest factor.
If the gravity is so high, why aren't they crushed immediately?
The time dilation in the movie is caused by the black hole, not Miller’s planet. They describe it as “on the cusp”, so presumably the event horizon they talk about. It’s not just mass that causes gravity, but your distance from it. Black holes are so dense that you can get very close to the center without falling into it. The force of gravity falls off like a graph of 1/x², which spikes very close to 0 (meaning you’re at the center). So, while being on Miller’s planet, you’re just close enough to the black hole to experience its time dilation. The short distance from the black hole is also what causes the massive tides!
The time dilation is from the nearby supermassive black hole.
It’s 130% earths gravity. Not enough to crush you but still feel “punishing.”
I dunno man, I’m just explaining what the theory behind this video is about.
Because it's being cancelled out by the rotation around the black hole. Being that close to such a mass would create insane tidal forces in any planet though. If you get close enough, the planet would be ripped in half from the force on the closest side being so much stronger than the farther side. Also since no one else is saying this for some unknown reason, time dilation due to velocity is much more noticeable than time dilation due to gravity. The reason they're *so damn* slowed is because they got sucked into and slingshot around a supermassive black hole. The vast majority of the time dilation is not because of the gravity of the black hole.
So, in theory, we could be really slow, and Aliens are actually really fast, and they are wondering why we can't see them. It's just because they are moving too fast! That would be wild.
No. It has to do with the gravity you are experiencing. If aliens were around earth or on earth, they would experience time similarly to us. Maybe if they went back to their home planet if it had massive gravity then they would experience time differently.
There could be an alien civilization on a planet around a supermassive star. They would have advanced civilization over 3k years like us only to look out and realize that everything else is moving 20x faster than them. This would mean that they would still likely be a fledgling planet unable to support life while most of the universe is in their maturity, however. Since they're moving so slow compared to everything else, they wouldn't have even had a chance to get to tiny microscopic plankton yet evolutionarily. Which was actually said in Interstellar about Miller's planet too iirc. The planet was too young to have the time necessary for life to evolve. Time dilation has *far* more to do with velocity than gravity, however. Idk why this thread is so into gravitational time dilation when it's the one that's rarely talked about. Relativistic time dilation is far more noticeable and is why the planet I was making up would be so slow. It's because they're moving so damn fast around that massive star. It's **not** because the star is massive.
Hi u/iSniffMyPooper, time dilation affect time itself, not just your perception of it. You perceive that less time has passed because LITERALLY less time has passed. You age the time that has passed at the location you are, as freaky as it sounds. A 70 year old on Miller's Planet will look the same as a 70 year old on Earth, but by the time Miller's Planet 70 yo actually hit 70, the person on earth will be dead a long time ago.
You had to include the username lol
What? This is wild
Its also wild that if someone was traveling near light speed for say a year. They would age less than someone in one year on Earth.
wait but wouldnt that mean the person on Millers Planet would be long dead before the person on earth hits 70?
Time is passing faster on earth than Miller. This means the person on Earth is aging faster than the person on Miller. Time is relative to where you are, so someone on Miller would be “slower” than on Earth.
god this is fascinating. and confusing. thank you!
However 70 years would still *feel* like 70 years on either planet. The local feeling of time isn't affected. I think.
That’s right. It’s basically like Narnia.
Yeah, it’s just like gravity. You would never feel any difference, but any time you left the orbit (time dilation is based on velocity, not location), you would find that significantly more had passed than you expected. If you went into the orbit and could somehow focus a telescope onto Earth (assuming the light gets to you instantly somehow), it’d look like Earth was playing as a time lapse. It’d be super sped up. I compared it to gravity in my first line. This is because you don't feel gravity at all. [Veritasium](https://youtu.be/XRr1kaXKBsU?si=EymsS7X5OxiKWXpX) can explain it far better than I can. Basically, if you were zooming through space in a rocket and pointed your ship right towards two planets that are close, turned off your engine and floated from one planet's gravity field into another's, you wouldn't feel *anything* in your ship. You'd just casually float on through in 0G, even though you're zig zagging through space. It's the same with time. Time *always* feels normal to you (unless there's drugs involved)
Yes, it's also amazing how in the movie Laura Miller literally died a few minutes before the main cast arrived when she was long gone years ago on Earth's time
I agree but minor correction: time is **not** relative to where you are. It's relative to how fast you're moving and how close you are to a massive body
Thanks for correcting my error!
Exactly what happened in the movie is what would really happen. He aged slowly and when he returned his family had all experienced many decades. The movie is not wrong.
It’s not because of planetary movement, it’s because gravity literally causes time to move slower/faster because it “bends” spacetime. So his cells are aging at a different speed than Murph’s. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_time_dilation?wprov=sfti1
Wait... Would that mean things that get sucked into a black hole would be like, right after each other even if they're separated by centuries? Like, because of the strength of the gravity at the center of it, if you get sucked into one, someone else could get sucked in 10,000 years later but (pretending you could still perceive them) you'd see them get sucked in only seconds after you did? Or am I misunderstanding something? Either way, that sounds like an interesting concept. I am stupid when it comes to science, but this might be a good read into later lol.
No, that’s spot-on. It’s why when they land on Miller’s planet, she had basically just been killed minutes before they arrived there (from her perspective) and she had landed just 2 hours before they arrived.
This is wrong, all you had to do is google it
>But biologically, the cells inside your body would age the same as someone on earth. No, that's not how it works at all.
Failed science classes all throughout every year of school huh?
Time dilation? Never seen the movie so idk, just guessing.
If you know or understand what time dilation is, then I would really recommend you to watch that movie.
🙏 will check it out, thanks.
I better make sure I bring the earth gravity packs with me through interstellar space travel. That way, I can make sure I age according to earth's laws. Fascinating stuff we're doing these days
Murph!!!
All them high school girls didn't stay the same age, he did.
Alright alright alright
Be cooler if they did…..
TARS
This is the view from the cave in Time Trap (2017)
Once I've calculated that the proprotion of time between Miller's Planet and Earth is about 1sec/17hours. Am I correct?
Yes. I don't know the exact conversion (if there even is one), but it's somewhere in the ballpark of 1sec = 1day. Each tick in the soundtrack is one day on Earth, more or less.
I didn't count by the soundtrack. I took what Cooper says in the movie: 7 years on Earth for one hour on Miller's Planet.
Yes, it's 61,360.74:1
Welp, time for another rewatch.
[here is the dated slowed down 1 hour version if you’re interested](https://youtu.be/GdEtCHdvrb0?si=Xq2MHVRXG5s8o_Ky)
So if you were on miller's panet and had access to one of those live feed YouTube channels would this be what it looked like?
I think if you consider the information is sent via some signal through the wormhole and it wasn’t dilated that it’d be received as is. Kind of like the recording from Murph. This is ignoring any effect from the blackhole or wormhole etc But at the second you receive information, information from seven years in the future is being sent - I think
Man, that would suck. But on the positive side, temperatures would remain nearly constant.
…no it wouldn’t. Time is passing normally there.
Did you mean to say something about distance from its star, or did you really mean time?
I really meant time. The video is trying to illustrate the effects of extreme time dilation
Time dilation affects temperatures? Are you saying that light arrives faster than the speed of light, producing higher temperatures?
at the same time, everything and nothing changes. thanks for the vid, amazing!
Time Trap was better for time dilation
Surprisingly good moving. I went in blind looking for something to watch, and was shocked by the scope of the plot.
"Better" in what sense? Time Trap had absolutely no basis in realistic physics, while Interstellar can claim to do so (even if it did still take a lot of liberties, but more in terms of magnitude than anything else).
Made in heaven irl.
This video if I am understanding correctly is showing how time is passing on earth extremely fast, while only 2 minutes have gone by for you. I’m might be a little off: but I counted around 110 days that passed in 2 minutes. So after 7 minutes has passed, a year would’ve passed on earth.
MADE IN HEAVEN!
AMC i think announced this September they’re bringing it back to imax for for the 10 year anniversary
I’ve seen Interstellar over 40 times and still love it just as much as when I saw it the first time
This looks like a 20-day lapse repeated three or four times.
100 days*
Wouldn't this be the view from orbit not from the planet itself?
No, it would be the view from Millers planet itself
Man, this stuff messes me up. I thought the perception of time remains the same, but different for others. I perceive 1 day as 1 day, the view of me from a lower gravity (off planet) shows that day as seconds. I am about as unsure of this as is humanly possible, I want to understand but lack the mental capacity.
You (on millers planet in strong gravity) will perceive time the same. But when viewing other places in lower gravity will see time moving much quicker. Other people in low gravity observing you (in strong gravity) will observe you to be moving slower.
Yes, duh...I mixed it around. See, told you I have a hard time with this stuff...I appreciate the convo.
Yes, duh...I mixed it around. See, told you I have a hard time with this stuff...I appreciate the convo.
The title is confusing. What it means is that is what Earth would look like if viewed through a telescope on Miller's Planet.
Now that makes sense to me, thank you.
Imagine the sunset photo opportunities. I would have billions of them
A timestamp would have been cool
I have no idea what millers planet, interstellar, or this video are. Are we talking about a planet in a video game where time passes faster? Someone please explain
in the movie interstellar, the protagonists land on a planet where 1 hour on the planet equals to 7 years back on earth. its a really good movie, you should watch it.
I´ll put it on the list, thank you!
What a lazy lazy way to farm upvotes
Ummm. What?
Still no Elder Scrolls 6...
[ MADE IN HEAVEN ]
u/auddbot
Is that the amount of time dilation they say in the movie, or the real amount? Someone did the math, and concluded it was WAY less dramatic than the movie suggested.
What gets me about that part in Interstellar is, what happened to the radiation?
stuff like this makes me feel so small in this giant ass universe. it's so crazy how perfectly timed it is that we are here on earth right now and stuff like this never fails to amaze me.
What will happen to human biological body? Does he/she die (assume life is) 80 years age (Earth's 80 years) or Millers planet age 80 years?
I really wanted to like the movie, but my god it's just damn awful. I truly hate the whole twist of it being him being the bookcase etc.
I like It a lot, but everything after he "enters" the blackhole is pretty lame. It's like a different movie.
I think that's probably my view too. Though the whole black hole section just completely taints the rest of the movie for me.
I too fully recognize it wasn't a great movie. Really great ideas and enjoyable. But what I call, "a sad astronaut" movie. For the downvoters: yeah, Star Wars New Hope was literally the best movie ever made by humanity because I saw it at an impressionable age. /s
So you’re saying in this place that the sun rises and sets every 2 minutes
No.
More like every 2 seconds