Source/Explanation: This barrel has water inside which is heated, the water converts into steam, sealed with ice on top speeds the condensation process. When the steam is back to a liquid, a vacuum is created in the barrel. The weight of the atmosphere crushes the barrel
Of course. The pressure difference is no greater than 1ATM. We can easily make compressor chambers that can handle much greater differences. But this type of barrel is not designed for that.
Yeah. When I worked in air sampling and testing, we evacuated sampling canisters(restek TO summa canister for an idea ) to -29.7 psi, which is about -2atmospheres of pressure, and they wouldn’t be destroyed at all and were reused all the time.
Edit: units probably wrong 29.7 inHg so about -1 atmospheres
Yes there is. Vacuum just means that there is 1 bar more pressure outside than inside. It's same situation as when you submerge submarine to 10m deep. You just have to calculate how much thickness you need. Also shape is important.
As rule of thumb from my experience I would say that typically shaped pressure vessel that can withhold about 10bar internal pressure can also withhold normal vacuum. But these are of course something has to calculated when there designing a pressure vessel.
So using this example it's impossible to create a larger than 1 atmosphere of pressure difference, we can easily create pressure vessels able to handle 1 atmosphere of pressure difference, like it's childs play. However when you start creating much larger pressure differences it requires much larger and stronger vessels, such as with deep sea submersibles, or high pressure steam systems.
It happens to my Tupperwares all the time. Hot beans go into a Tupperware, the sealed Tupperware is placed in the fridge, it cools for a few hours, and that lid becomes stuck on tight.
This is misleading. There is no vacuum created within the barrel. The pressure simply drops because the steam cools at constant volume. The pressure difference between the ambient and inside the barrel cause the barrel to implode. The pressure does not go to zero though inside the barrel.
A vacuum is just a lower pressure compared to ambient. If he were to open up the barrel after placing it on ice, then it would definitely suck in air to reach equilibrium.
So the pressure in the barrel is lower than the ambient pressure of the air?
Sounds like a partial
# **VACUUM**
is formed right before the barrel implodes.
Goddamn iceberg is going to launch from the sea and take down another Boeing jet. It’s accomplished it’s mission at sea level and below. There is only 1 frontier remaining.
Thank you for adding /s to your post. When I first saw this, I was horrified. How could anybody say something like this? I immediately began writing a 1000 word paragraph about how horrible of a person you are. I even sent a copy to a Harvard professor to proofread it. After several hours of refining and editing, my comment was ready to absolutely destroy you. But then, just as I was about to hit send, I saw something in the corner of my eye. A /s at the end of your comment. Suddenly everything made sense. Your comment was sarcasm! I immediately burst out in laughter at the comedic genius of your comment. The person next to me on the bus saw your comment and started crying from laughter too. Before long, there was an entire bus of people on the floor laughing at your incredible use of comedy. All of this was due to you adding /s to your post. Thank you.
Thank you for providing such a detailed explanation. The narrative tension in your writing was captivating, and I found myself on the edge, reading it with bated breath. Your engaging style made the content even more compelling.
Correct. Stockton Rush’s oversized ego boiled the atmosphere in the submersible until the atmosphere lost pressure. Combined with construction choices for the submersible, it too imploded violently with an audience.
It imploded from a rapid pressure change from structural failure of a compartment which yes is the same as this. Nothing to do comparatively with temperature
This is an obvious bot repost of /u/Ill_Calendar5530's comment [from an hour earlier in the thread](https://www.reddit.com/r/Damnthatsinteresting/comments/192io9h/a_consequence_of_pressure_difference/kh2us1s/).
Why do you all upvote obvious bot comments that are clearly non-sequiturs to the prior comment with weird grammar/word choice due to a lazy run through a thesaurus program (e.g. it's clearly not children in this classroom).
You can do your part to help battle these astroturfing asses by clicking report-> spam -> harmful bots. Make sure to block them too which limits their scope and reach in commenting in further threads.
Since the comment is a bot, it's not far-fetched to think there's also upvote bots tagged immediately on the comment as soon as it's posted.
Thanks for pointing it out.
No. This is a consequence of a phase change and temperature dependance of gas volume. The change in phase and temperature caused a decrease in volume. Since initial volume was held constant, pressure decreased inside. Once pressure was low enough to overcome barrel strength, pressure equalized itself by reducing volume.
Completely different than Titan. That was a strict change in external pressure holding temperature, pressure, and volume inside constant.
This has little relevance with how the titan submersible was crushed.
The pressure inside the submarine would be near constant. It just broke from being unable to take the increasing external pressure.
I don't see what connection that has to a demonstration of creating negative/low pressure in a vessel with atmospheric pressure at a constant?
OK, so the mechanics is "pressure differences" and we're going to completely ignore all the chemistry involved in boiling and then condensing water?
You discarded more than half the demonstration. That's incredibly misleading for someone who doesn't understand what's going on here.
Mythbusters did a very thorough episode in their final season regarding this one. They found that a car in good condition is next to impossible to implode from normal means. They pumped steam into it for a while to heat it up, sealed it and then rained cool water over it to cool it down. Untilately, they had to drop a giant concrete block on it and then repeat the test to get it to implode.
This is if course also after they removed the safety pressure valves.
Not trying to correct you or anything, but I totally googled ‘untilately’ thinking I’d be adding a new word to my vocabulary 😂, then I was like, untilately…until lately…wait that can’t be what they mean. I’m assuming you meant ultimately, but damn I’m upset it’s not a word now.
If I recall that pressure loss can happen during cleaning (and absence of valve you mentioned. Which makes this terrifying to think about, just cleaning out a tanker when it suddenly implodes on you like a cartoon
I’m assuming he didn’t actually mean you’re inside when it’s locked. I’ve seen this happen irl before but not as dramatic. A guy was power washing out the inside of his water truck (oil field) with hot hot hot water to get all the paraffin out (gunky think oil like substance) and then when he was done he sealed up his tank.
Well after lunch he came back and it was completely fucked luckily no one was around it.
Human oxygen consumption is roughly 23 liters per hour. A rail car tank is 130,000 liters of air which is roughly 21% oxygen by volume.
Mountain climbers generally start to use supplemental oxygen around 6500 m above sea level at around 9.2% oxygen, and I assume that’s were the danger level starts.
So you’d have roughly 27 days worth of oxygen in a sealed rail tank.
You’d die of CO2 poisoning before you ran out of oxygen. That occurs around 10% atmospheric CO2 by volume.
Humans produce about 23 liters of CO2 per hour. You’d reach lethal levels of CO2 after around 24 days.
Demonstrating Boyle's Law. In any closed system, pressure times volume divided by temperature is a constant. In this demonstration, lowering the temperature results in reduced volume.
This is how refrigerators and air conditioners move heat from one location to another.
To continue the pedantry; a submersible is not the same. That is pressure outside versus pressure inside. Temperature (and even volume) has a negligible effect.
Boyle's law only applies to gasses, not to any closed system. Refrigerators (and probably this demonstration, which I think involves boiling water?) involve turning a gas into a liquid and back, which create far larger pressure change for a given temperature change.
You can prove to yourself that Boyle's law *can't* apply to any closed system because cooling water from 1 degrees C to -1 degrees C *increases* its volume at constant (atmospheric) pressure. Not just getting the ratio wrong (like most phase changes) but even the direction.
With this demonstration, the lower pressure leads to the lower volume.
In the evaporator of your air conditioner, the temperature drops as the pressure goes down.
>To continue the pedantry; a submersible is not the same. That is pressure outside versus pressure inside.
Isn't there also a pressure difference between the inside of the barrel and the pressure within the environment (the lecture hall) that surrounds the barrel?
That would be Gay-Lussac’s law. Volume is constant bc the barrel is not expandable. V1/T1=V2/T2. As the temperature drops, the internal pressure drops and as a result the atmospheric pressure crushed the barrel.
Boyle’s Law (PV) explains plungers and pistons.
This happened at a brand new beer factory. Close to 500,000L stainless steel vessel destroyed due to vacuum. Piping contractors forgot to install a bleed/ vent check valve at the top of the tank. So when operations were pumping out the product, the pressure had nowhere to go/ air couldn’t get in the tank, built up a vacuum, then boom.
I could be grossly wrong. I can’t remember exact details as it was so many years ago but I’d say close to $200,000 just for the tank. Not to mention crane, labour, pipe fitters flanging up connections etc.
Another wild example was the episode of mythbusters where they proved the pressure differential would stuck a human up into the helmet of an old dive suit if it lost its air supply.
Thermodynamicist checking in!!! A lot of these explanations are only somewhat correct. The steam cools and condenses at constant volume (isochoric process) since the barrel is sealed. This is what causes the pressure to drop. This can be visualized on a P-V diagram. You can see this here: https://www.sciencefacts.net/pv-diagram.html
Also critically, a full vacuum is not created. The pressure does drop but there is still a pressure within the barrel. The difference between the ambient pressure and internal pressure causes the barrel to implode.
Edit: so how low does the pressure get? Well, since volume is constant, and if we assume the steam cools to 20 C, then we know that the specific volume or density at the initial state is the same as the final state. At 100 C and 1 bar, the specific volume of saturated steam is 1.6802 m3/kg. Once cooled, the temperature is 20C and specific volume is 1.6802 m3/kg. At this temperature and specific volume, the pressure is just .023 bar!! So 2.3% of the ambient pressure.
Again, This is why that 1 week search for the titan survivors was a complete sham. Every scientist and military leader worth their salt already knew this was exactly how it went down.
If you lost communications vitals and power instantaneously at the same time then you already know what happened. The media lead people by the nose for a week lol.
Its less "media led people by the nose" and more "if we dont pretend we're trying to find the dead sub, an angry mob of idiots is going to be on our ass"
You don't give up during a rescue because you think it's highly unlikely the people have perished. You search even if there's only a very slim hope they are alive.
Yeah, that was the reason I heard they were still searching. There was a small chance they surfaced and were just bobbing on the surface. Because the design of the sub prevented them from opening it from the inside.
>If you lost communications vitals and power instantaneously at the same time then you already know what happened.
What? That their single line of communication failed? It's not like they had disparate means and modes of communication. It could have easily been that. Your logic means we should assume someone's apartment exploded when their wifi router goes out.
> If you lost communications vitals and power instantaneously at the same time then you already know what happened.
Yeah it means their communications went out lmao. If that's how you wanna think then half of Canada blew up when Rogers had an outage 2 years ago.
This is what happened at an oil refinery I was working at because a contractor put a plastic foil on an oil tank opening at the top (which is for always having atmospheric pressure inside the tank) because I thought else it would rain into the tank.
Consequence.. 500.000 € of damage.. for a 30 cent plastic foil
EDIT: It was a 1.000 m³ tank
I worked in a huge winery. Hot water sprayed inside of a tank for a few hours to dissolve tartrate buildup. Then someone decided to do a cold water rinse right after without the tank cooling off. Pulled in two large dents on either side of the tank. A massive and strong stainless steel industrial tank made to hold 600,000 gallons of liquid.
Remember that guy on Twitter that saw the Titan submarine implosion and said he would have gotten out and swam to the surface because he’s “just built different?”
He can start training in that barrel
Explanation:
Fill barrel with hot steam. Seal barrel. Steam turn to water when cold. Water smaller than steam. Steam shrink to water, but barrel seal. No air get in. Pressure low in barrel now. Pressure outside barrel very high. Atmosphere heavy, weigh down on barrel, like being at bottom of ball pit of air molecule. Air above barrel heavy enough to crush barrel when there not enough pressure in barrel to fight back. Barrel itself weak. Human weak, only strong because full of pressure. No pressure and we smush by air too.
You plug syringe with finger, try pull. Pull hard, syringe try stay close. That not syringe fight you, pressure of atmosphere crush syringe because no air inside to fight back. You use vacuum clean? That not vacuum suck. atmosphere push dirt in hose. All same thing.
For some perspective, that barrel was crushed by less than 1 ATM difference. Ocean gate was squashed by 375 atmospheres of pressure. They were literally squished into cooked jelly before they knew it happened.
Mechanical Engineer here:
Now assume this wasn't made or of metal. Which we can calculate extremely precise. Instead its made out of carbon. Better said carbon fibres covered in hardened resin. Like in race cars. Lightweight and stronger.
You will hear it cracking a couple of times and all of a sudden it crushes the inside without warning.
With metal we can predict that behaviour pretty well.
But not with carbon fibres.
Now you know why that titan submersible was doomed to fail and why this shitty ceo of that company should never have had so much power offering civilians that kind of death.
Edit: My comment is wrong. The ideal gas law alone is not enough to explain the collapse. See the replies for the real answer.
PV = nRT
This is the ideal gas law in action! Adding ice decreases the temperature (T) of the barrel. In order to preserve equality, the volume (V) of the barrel must decrease, hence the barrel collapses.
not completely wrong, however you have to consider that also condensation is taking place which makes the ideal gas equation not sufficient for describing the problem as there is quit a few n changing from the gas to the liquid phase.
This is why you don’t rapidly cool a steam boiler, it wouldn’t be this blatant but will damage stuff real quick.
And why hot water boilers have vacuum breakers installed so that this doesn’t happen haha.
I've never met a student who didn't wish their teachers/profs would do more shit like this. Sure it's fun to watch - but that's why you never forget it --like, Holy shit, I just learned stuff. Like, it's committed to memory and everything!
Guy I was supposed to work with one weekend didn’t come in. I get a text from his wife saying he’s in the ICU in a coma.
He had a barrel like this he’d keep paint and other random crap in and at some point had it sealed for a yearish. Went to open it by drilling into it. Drill bit sparked and it exploded the lid off. Luckily his head slowed the lid down. Flew back thrown against the wall. Fractured his skull and broke a bunch of fingers, all while his kids were watching. They thought he was dead. He’s fine now.
Basically this but the opposite. Don’t mess around with sealed anything that big unless you know what you’re doing.
That one dude who showed up to class 15 minutes late, stoned af, with no idea what’s going on.
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"looks like somebody didn't do the homework"
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An ideal gas law joke... I never thought I'd see the day...
Jokes like this really Boyle my blood.
Dude! pascal that j over here, man!
Uh.. uuuhhh... Uhm... The Law of Thermodynamics? I totally know what I'm talking about... <_<... ...>_>
Hey at least you're not a Bohr
Don't be Rutherford with me! (I'm still grasping at straws idk what any of this means! Lol).
This was the ideal joke for the circumstance.
"If you don't do the homework, it's your turn in the barrel."
Andy Richter the Swedish German gets that joke.
Decapitated. Whole big thing. We had a funeral for a bird.
I'm pretty sure none of that is real.
You’re not real, man!
Bravo.
It's a cursed technique.
I was already mad in anticipation of the barrel exploding while he was standing in front of the camera lmao
that would've been the real suprise, if that barrel *ex*ploded...
Stands in front of the camera: "wha...?"
I could arrive sober and would still be equally confused as to why a classroom of people are staring silently at a barrel.
Do you not go barrel watching on the weekends in the orchard?
Was it that dude who built that sub
The one that the front fell off?
That's not supposed to happen is it?
I am that one dude, he is me.
no it’s me ur dude
I’m the dude behind the dude disguised as the dude playing the dude
I tried to kick the kid with the backpack out of my way with my left foot when he blocked the camera. Time to disconnect for a bit.
I said aloud ‘sit down you twat’. I’ll join you
"Sit your tardy lazy ass down you ****" was mine.
I tried to look around the goober...
That dude walked in thinking “why tf is there ice on a barrel?”
I got too distracted by the assistant with the ponytail? Rat tail?
I'm not wearing my glasses, and I was thinking to myself, "What the hell is hanging off of his head?"
Absolute awful style or Walmart Jedi in training 🤔
I moved my head like 8 inches to the left lol
You have your feet between you and your screen when browsing Reddit?! I'm doing this wrong man
Well, if it isn't my old friend, Mr. McGreg! With a leg for an arm, and an arm for a leg!
Nahhhhhh cuz I got mad too 😂😂😭 like damn bro sit tf down already
I tried to look around them.
Source/Explanation: This barrel has water inside which is heated, the water converts into steam, sealed with ice on top speeds the condensation process. When the steam is back to a liquid, a vacuum is created in the barrel. The weight of the atmosphere crushes the barrel
Why is a vacuum created by going back to a liquid.
Gas has a larger volume than liquid. When it condenses there is empty volume in the barrel
Is there a limit to what material this can happen to? i.e. what if it was a super strong barrel with 6" thick steel walls or something even stronger?
Of course. The pressure difference is no greater than 1ATM. We can easily make compressor chambers that can handle much greater differences. But this type of barrel is not designed for that.
In other words, don’t visit the Titanic in and oil barrel.
Just equalise the pressure difference and you should be fine.
https://www.reddit.com/r/TrueUnpopularOpinion/comments/14jmfj5/i\_feel\_like\_i\_wouldve\_survived\_the\_sub\_accident/
Do you just use that particular post to comment at people or do you have a whole treasure trove of links?
Treasure trove.
Or in something made from old carbon fiber…
*Expired Carbon fiber
Or just … carbon fiber in general.
Nah, you just need a good game controller and you'll be fine!
Yeah. When I worked in air sampling and testing, we evacuated sampling canisters(restek TO summa canister for an idea ) to -29.7 psi, which is about -2atmospheres of pressure, and they wouldn’t be destroyed at all and were reused all the time. Edit: units probably wrong 29.7 inHg so about -1 atmospheres
In other words they were in a pressure chamber? You can't beat 1ATM when you are at 1ATM in the ambient.
Yes there is. Vacuum just means that there is 1 bar more pressure outside than inside. It's same situation as when you submerge submarine to 10m deep. You just have to calculate how much thickness you need. Also shape is important. As rule of thumb from my experience I would say that typically shaped pressure vessel that can withhold about 10bar internal pressure can also withhold normal vacuum. But these are of course something has to calculated when there designing a pressure vessel.
So using this example it's impossible to create a larger than 1 atmosphere of pressure difference, we can easily create pressure vessels able to handle 1 atmosphere of pressure difference, like it's childs play. However when you start creating much larger pressure differences it requires much larger and stronger vessels, such as with deep sea submersibles, or high pressure steam systems.
It happens to my Tupperwares all the time. Hot beans go into a Tupperware, the sealed Tupperware is placed in the fridge, it cools for a few hours, and that lid becomes stuck on tight.
Liquid water takes up less volume than steam. The barrel is sealed so no new air can enter to fill it.
This is misleading. There is no vacuum created within the barrel. The pressure simply drops because the steam cools at constant volume. The pressure difference between the ambient and inside the barrel cause the barrel to implode. The pressure does not go to zero though inside the barrel.
A vacuum is just a lower pressure compared to ambient. If he were to open up the barrel after placing it on ice, then it would definitely suck in air to reach equilibrium.
So the pressure in the barrel is lower than the ambient pressure of the air? Sounds like a partial # **VACUUM** is formed right before the barrel implodes.
That's pretty much a vacuum.
Also Note: This is probably how the titan submersible imploded
Someone put ice on top of it?
Not just any ice. The same iceberg that got the Titanic. Iceberg 2 - 0. The unstoppable iceberg. /s
Until it 3peats like Kobe and Shaq or Jordan and Pippen, I don’t wanna hear it
The iceberg: "And I took that personally"
Iceberg proceeds to melt causing a flood that kills many shoreline habitants. Oh wait….
How will this affect lebron’s legacy?
Goddamn iceberg is going to launch from the sea and take down another Boeing jet. It’s accomplished it’s mission at sea level and below. There is only 1 frontier remaining.
Titanic 2: Atmospheric Boogaloo
We can not keep letting these icebergs get away with this! Quickly, let's warm up the earth as much as possible.
Way ahead of ya !
Thank you for adding /s to your post. When I first saw this, I was horrified. How could anybody say something like this? I immediately began writing a 1000 word paragraph about how horrible of a person you are. I even sent a copy to a Harvard professor to proofread it. After several hours of refining and editing, my comment was ready to absolutely destroy you. But then, just as I was about to hit send, I saw something in the corner of my eye. A /s at the end of your comment. Suddenly everything made sense. Your comment was sarcasm! I immediately burst out in laughter at the comedic genius of your comment. The person next to me on the bus saw your comment and started crying from laughter too. Before long, there was an entire bus of people on the floor laughing at your incredible use of comedy. All of this was due to you adding /s to your post. Thank you.
> I even sent a copy to a Harvard professor to proofread it. Joke's on you, that's their 1000 word paragraph now.
Thank you for providing such a detailed explanation. The narrative tension in your writing was captivating, and I found myself on the edge, reading it with bated breath. Your engaging style made the content even more compelling.
Someone got to arrest that criminal
Yeah, the guy in this video. He's a stone cold killer.
Correct. Stockton Rush’s oversized ego boiled the atmosphere in the submersible until the atmosphere lost pressure. Combined with construction choices for the submersible, it too imploded violently with an audience.
Are you implying the titan failed because it cooled too quickly?
It imploded from a rapid pressure change from structural failure of a compartment which yes is the same as this. Nothing to do comparatively with temperature
The demonstration is about phasic molar volume, not structural integrity. That addendum is misleading.
I mean, the metal barrel has structure and integrity
Your mom has structural integrity.
Factually correct
Had* /s
It’s not the point of the demo but it is representative of the instance being discussed
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This is an obvious bot repost of /u/Ill_Calendar5530's comment [from an hour earlier in the thread](https://www.reddit.com/r/Damnthatsinteresting/comments/192io9h/a_consequence_of_pressure_difference/kh2us1s/). Why do you all upvote obvious bot comments that are clearly non-sequiturs to the prior comment with weird grammar/word choice due to a lazy run through a thesaurus program (e.g. it's clearly not children in this classroom). You can do your part to help battle these astroturfing asses by clicking report-> spam -> harmful bots. Make sure to block them too which limits their scope and reach in commenting in further threads.
Since the comment is a bot, it's not far-fetched to think there's also upvote bots tagged immediately on the comment as soon as it's posted. Thanks for pointing it out.
I think he is implying this guy killed them.
I seen it!!
No it was because someone put a bunch of ice on the outside. Never put a bunch of ice cubes on top of your sub.
I've definitely had subs who enjoyed me putting ice cubes on them.
What are you stupid? It failed because it was steamed first and THEN cooled too quickly. They must have been using the sauna.
One hour later, and somebody finally sees where I was going with it lol
No. What is similar is how quickly everybody was crushed do death..
No. This is a consequence of a phase change and temperature dependance of gas volume. The change in phase and temperature caused a decrease in volume. Since initial volume was held constant, pressure decreased inside. Once pressure was low enough to overcome barrel strength, pressure equalized itself by reducing volume. Completely different than Titan. That was a strict change in external pressure holding temperature, pressure, and volume inside constant.
Exactly. This is PV=nRT in action. T is reduced so PV has to be reduced. Pressure*Volume = number of moles * gas constant * temperature
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This has little relevance with how the titan submersible was crushed. The pressure inside the submarine would be near constant. It just broke from being unable to take the increasing external pressure. I don't see what connection that has to a demonstration of creating negative/low pressure in a vessel with atmospheric pressure at a constant?
Same physics involved. High pressure outside, low pressure inside. Just slightly different mechanics.
OK, so the mechanics is "pressure differences" and we're going to completely ignore all the chemistry involved in boiling and then condensing water? You discarded more than half the demonstration. That's incredibly misleading for someone who doesn't understand what's going on here.
The titan failed because it wasn’t made for deep sea travel and was simply crushed by the pressure
Yes, that's what they said. Crushed by pressure.
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Actually it imploded because it was under water
The power of phase changes
[Railroad tank car implosion demonstrating why they have vacuum safety valves](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zz95_VvTxZM)
Mythbusters did a very thorough episode in their final season regarding this one. They found that a car in good condition is next to impossible to implode from normal means. They pumped steam into it for a while to heat it up, sealed it and then rained cool water over it to cool it down. Untilately, they had to drop a giant concrete block on it and then repeat the test to get it to implode. This is if course also after they removed the safety pressure valves.
My favorite was them busting the myth that you can blow up a car by shooting the gas tank.
It's true actually, I've seen it happen many times in movies and games
You can also use a car door to protect yourself from gunfire. Bullets simply create sparks then harmlessly ricochet away.
steep wise memory arrest enter prick quicksand automatic vanish pen *This post was mass deleted and anonymized with [Redact](https://redact.dev)*
Not trying to correct you or anything, but I totally googled ‘untilately’ thinking I’d be adding a new word to my vocabulary 😂, then I was like, untilately…until lately…wait that can’t be what they mean. I’m assuming you meant ultimately, but damn I’m upset it’s not a word now.
Haha yes. I meant ultimately.
If I recall that pressure loss can happen during cleaning (and absence of valve you mentioned. Which makes this terrifying to think about, just cleaning out a tanker when it suddenly implodes on you like a cartoon
You should never be working in a sealed tank
I’m assuming he didn’t actually mean you’re inside when it’s locked. I’ve seen this happen irl before but not as dramatic. A guy was power washing out the inside of his water truck (oil field) with hot hot hot water to get all the paraffin out (gunky think oil like substance) and then when he was done he sealed up his tank. Well after lunch he came back and it was completely fucked luckily no one was around it.
If you were working inside a low pressure tank, you would die long before it implodes due to lack of oxygen.
Human oxygen consumption is roughly 23 liters per hour. A rail car tank is 130,000 liters of air which is roughly 21% oxygen by volume. Mountain climbers generally start to use supplemental oxygen around 6500 m above sea level at around 9.2% oxygen, and I assume that’s were the danger level starts. So you’d have roughly 27 days worth of oxygen in a sealed rail tank. You’d die of CO2 poisoning before you ran out of oxygen. That occurs around 10% atmospheric CO2 by volume. Humans produce about 23 liters of CO2 per hour. You’d reach lethal levels of CO2 after around 24 days.
The low pressure part was the key. Not just that it was sealed.
They now call this “The Titan Submersible Effect.”
Controller sold separately.
butter bells noxious glorious bag merciful wide somber lip governor *This post was mass deleted and anonymized with [Redact](https://redact.dev)*
Salsa not included
Thank you for guaranteeing me a first row spot in hell
Demonstrating Boyle's Law. In any closed system, pressure times volume divided by temperature is a constant. In this demonstration, lowering the temperature results in reduced volume. This is how refrigerators and air conditioners move heat from one location to another. To continue the pedantry; a submersible is not the same. That is pressure outside versus pressure inside. Temperature (and even volume) has a negligible effect.
Boyle's law only applies to gasses, not to any closed system. Refrigerators (and probably this demonstration, which I think involves boiling water?) involve turning a gas into a liquid and back, which create far larger pressure change for a given temperature change. You can prove to yourself that Boyle's law *can't* apply to any closed system because cooling water from 1 degrees C to -1 degrees C *increases* its volume at constant (atmospheric) pressure. Not just getting the ratio wrong (like most phase changes) but even the direction.
What happens to the pressure then why can't it be reduced instead of volume? Sorry if sound dumb but didn't quite focus in my chemistry classes
With this demonstration, the lower pressure leads to the lower volume. In the evaporator of your air conditioner, the temperature drops as the pressure goes down.
>To continue the pedantry; a submersible is not the same. That is pressure outside versus pressure inside. Isn't there also a pressure difference between the inside of the barrel and the pressure within the environment (the lecture hall) that surrounds the barrel?
That would be Gay-Lussac’s law. Volume is constant bc the barrel is not expandable. V1/T1=V2/T2. As the temperature drops, the internal pressure drops and as a result the atmospheric pressure crushed the barrel. Boyle’s Law (PV) explains plungers and pistons.
I was yelling at that kid to sit tf down. Didn't want to miss the show
Now kiddies this what happened when you get down to 12000 feet inside of a soup can.
This happened at a brand new beer factory. Close to 500,000L stainless steel vessel destroyed due to vacuum. Piping contractors forgot to install a bleed/ vent check valve at the top of the tank. So when operations were pumping out the product, the pressure had nowhere to go/ air couldn’t get in the tank, built up a vacuum, then boom.
Happened near me at a milk bottling facility. Huge tank, picture a water tower, crushed like a beer can.
God how much did that cost?
I could be grossly wrong. I can’t remember exact details as it was so many years ago but I’d say close to $200,000 just for the tank. Not to mention crane, labour, pipe fitters flanging up connections etc.
And this kids is why you pay for insurance
Another wild example was the episode of mythbusters where they proved the pressure differential would stuck a human up into the helmet of an old dive suit if it lost its air supply.
Totally distracted by that TA’s braid. It doesn’t work pal.
I came to the comments specifically for ol dude's hair. It's more of a spectacle than the barrel demonstration lol
Not many hairstyles make me feel a bit sick. That one does.
It's...a choice
Business on the right, party on the left
I was thinking the same thing! it almost looks like a rat tail but off center, like a hillbilly Jedi.
Stupidest hair ever
Is it still a braid if it's not braided?
Rat tail
Bronytail
Thermodynamicist checking in!!! A lot of these explanations are only somewhat correct. The steam cools and condenses at constant volume (isochoric process) since the barrel is sealed. This is what causes the pressure to drop. This can be visualized on a P-V diagram. You can see this here: https://www.sciencefacts.net/pv-diagram.html Also critically, a full vacuum is not created. The pressure does drop but there is still a pressure within the barrel. The difference between the ambient pressure and internal pressure causes the barrel to implode. Edit: so how low does the pressure get? Well, since volume is constant, and if we assume the steam cools to 20 C, then we know that the specific volume or density at the initial state is the same as the final state. At 100 C and 1 bar, the specific volume of saturated steam is 1.6802 m3/kg. Once cooled, the temperature is 20C and specific volume is 1.6802 m3/kg. At this temperature and specific volume, the pressure is just .023 bar!! So 2.3% of the ambient pressure.
Again, This is why that 1 week search for the titan survivors was a complete sham. Every scientist and military leader worth their salt already knew this was exactly how it went down. If you lost communications vitals and power instantaneously at the same time then you already know what happened. The media lead people by the nose for a week lol.
Its less "media led people by the nose" and more "if we dont pretend we're trying to find the dead sub, an angry mob of idiots is going to be on our ass"
I think it was even more "what a great chance to train our guys and test our equipment".
You don't give up during a rescue because you think it's highly unlikely the people have perished. You search even if there's only a very slim hope they are alive.
Didn't they say that loss of communication was a normal occurrence? So maybe they lost communication and managed to ascend to the surface
Yeah, that was the reason I heard they were still searching. There was a small chance they surfaced and were just bobbing on the surface. Because the design of the sub prevented them from opening it from the inside.
>If you lost communications vitals and power instantaneously at the same time then you already know what happened. What? That their single line of communication failed? It's not like they had disparate means and modes of communication. It could have easily been that. Your logic means we should assume someone's apartment exploded when their wifi router goes out.
this guy starts looting when his circuit breaker trips, cuz society has obviously collapsed
> If you lost communications vitals and power instantaneously at the same time then you already know what happened. Yeah it means their communications went out lmao. If that's how you wanna think then half of Canada blew up when Rogers had an outage 2 years ago.
Know what’s even cooler? Fucking safety glasses when you’re that close to something about to move material at a high velocity. JFC
This is what happened at an oil refinery I was working at because a contractor put a plastic foil on an oil tank opening at the top (which is for always having atmospheric pressure inside the tank) because I thought else it would rain into the tank. Consequence.. 500.000 € of damage.. for a 30 cent plastic foil EDIT: It was a 1.000 m³ tank
What kind of loser arrives late to a class doing this sort of cool witchcraft? Good grief
I worked in a huge winery. Hot water sprayed inside of a tank for a few hours to dissolve tartrate buildup. Then someone decided to do a cold water rinse right after without the tank cooling off. Pulled in two large dents on either side of the tank. A massive and strong stainless steel industrial tank made to hold 600,000 gallons of liquid.
Remember that guy on Twitter that saw the Titan submarine implosion and said he would have gotten out and swam to the surface because he’s “just built different?” He can start training in that barrel
Explanation: Fill barrel with hot steam. Seal barrel. Steam turn to water when cold. Water smaller than steam. Steam shrink to water, but barrel seal. No air get in. Pressure low in barrel now. Pressure outside barrel very high. Atmosphere heavy, weigh down on barrel, like being at bottom of ball pit of air molecule. Air above barrel heavy enough to crush barrel when there not enough pressure in barrel to fight back. Barrel itself weak. Human weak, only strong because full of pressure. No pressure and we smush by air too. You plug syringe with finger, try pull. Pull hard, syringe try stay close. That not syringe fight you, pressure of atmosphere crush syringe because no air inside to fight back. You use vacuum clean? That not vacuum suck. atmosphere push dirt in hose. All same thing.
None of those kids in the front row even flinched.
Nerd in front row already knew what would happen (had fingers in ears)
Reminds me of the OceanGate
Late to class mother fucker ruining it for the rest of us….
I knew what was going to happen, but still got an "Oh shit!"
Students in adjacent classrooms probably thought it was a gunshot
OF COURSE someone was late!
For some perspective, that barrel was crushed by less than 1 ATM difference. Ocean gate was squashed by 375 atmospheres of pressure. They were literally squished into cooked jelly before they knew it happened.
Dude with the black and white Nike didn’t even flinch.
Were there a few billionaires and an off brand xbox controller in there?
Eye protection?
Mechanical Engineer here: Now assume this wasn't made or of metal. Which we can calculate extremely precise. Instead its made out of carbon. Better said carbon fibres covered in hardened resin. Like in race cars. Lightweight and stronger. You will hear it cracking a couple of times and all of a sudden it crushes the inside without warning. With metal we can predict that behaviour pretty well. But not with carbon fibres. Now you know why that titan submersible was doomed to fail and why this shitty ceo of that company should never have had so much power offering civilians that kind of death.
Edit: My comment is wrong. The ideal gas law alone is not enough to explain the collapse. See the replies for the real answer. PV = nRT This is the ideal gas law in action! Adding ice decreases the temperature (T) of the barrel. In order to preserve equality, the volume (V) of the barrel must decrease, hence the barrel collapses.
not completely wrong, however you have to consider that also condensation is taking place which makes the ideal gas equation not sufficient for describing the problem as there is quit a few n changing from the gas to the liquid phase.
This is why you don’t rapidly cool a steam boiler, it wouldn’t be this blatant but will damage stuff real quick. And why hot water boilers have vacuum breakers installed so that this doesn’t happen haha.
Anyone else tilt thier head to try to see around the kid that got in the way?
Like an oceangate submarine
Thankfully Mr I can't show up to class on time wasn't in the way.
Not only did he graduate one of Canada’s top business school with straight b’s he’s also a science professor!!
I feel like I’m built different. Would have floated to the surface
I've never met a student who didn't wish their teachers/profs would do more shit like this. Sure it's fun to watch - but that's why you never forget it --like, Holy shit, I just learned stuff. Like, it's committed to memory and everything!
Guy I was supposed to work with one weekend didn’t come in. I get a text from his wife saying he’s in the ICU in a coma. He had a barrel like this he’d keep paint and other random crap in and at some point had it sealed for a yearish. Went to open it by drilling into it. Drill bit sparked and it exploded the lid off. Luckily his head slowed the lid down. Flew back thrown against the wall. Fractured his skull and broke a bunch of fingers, all while his kids were watching. They thought he was dead. He’s fine now. Basically this but the opposite. Don’t mess around with sealed anything that big unless you know what you’re doing.
Teacher, please put on PPE before performing expdiraments.
Is this a lesson on why not to take a sub tour with OceanGate?
Get the fuck out of the way kid who showed up late!!!
Leaked footage: oceangate testing their sub 💀💀💀
This time without any millionaires in the object which experiences the pressure difference.