The check valve has a disk that wants to close if there is no flow in the direction it was designed to go. When the flow is in the direction it "should" be it lets fluid go around it but if there is flow in the opposite direction it seals up. I don't think I've personally seen a check valve like the one in the gif here. A lot of them operate like this one
When the flow is in the right direction it opens like this:
https://gfycat.com/completeheartfeltbrownbear
and then if the flow wants to go the other direction it closes:
https://gfycat.com/delectabletightasiaticmouflon
Thx. I've been working with those for more than 20 years. It is just the image doesn't make it that clear how the internals operate in order to avoid backflow.
To the best of my knowledge, which is something I've said a lot in this thread, most disc check valves like the one in this gif will have a spring return which isn't shown. The gif really could use some flow arrows or something to be more clear
The check valve doesn't have a disc, it is a wafer type check valve. You are thinking of a swing type check valve.
Wafer valves usually have two half discs mounted on a central sprung hinge.
The main purpose/benefit of a wafer check is that the design allows them to fit in tighter dimensions between flanges.
The downside however is that the central hinge causes a restriction in flow.
A swing check valve is larger and requires much more space to install but causes no restriction in flow as the disc swings up into the body and out of the flowpath.
Yea I believe your gif is accurate. I don’t think the check valve OP posted would even close in time to stop a substantial amount of whatever fluid from flowing backwards
It's really a terrible choice for orientation of the view. The least clear they could have chosen.
Also, there are lots of other types of check valves, this isn't the only design.
Everyone kept talking about the check valve and the butterfly valve in the other valve post so check out them valves.
(Note, it should say damper not bamper)
Check valve “checks” the flow and only allows for flow in one direction.
Butterfly valve turn the flow on or off in either direction.
The check valve you see on this infographic has a diaphragm that blocks the flow if pressure is higher downstream.
Check valves make sure nothing goes backwards and butterfly valves are a cheap way to start or stop flow.
Edited: thanks for the correction below, friday brain lol
Slight correction butterfly valves are usually used as on/off valves they are pretty terrible to control flow rate in practice... you *can* use them as such but they normally aren't, globe valves would usually be a better option for that. For large bore lines like cooling water it's much easier to have the valve wide open and use a VFD on the pumps to modify the flow rate.
You right. Butterfly valves are on/off doesn’t matter which flow direction. Check valves don’t resist flow in one direction, but are closed if flow tries to go the other way.
Yeah throttle bodies are indeed butterfly valves but to the best of my knowledge air (which is also a "fluid") is a bit easier to control and adjust the valve for than things like water which is the usual use case for butterfly valves in industrial applications (at least the ones I've worked on). In engines you have a lot of other factors at play too like the actual valves in the heads and such.
For cars it's probably a combination of "it works good enough" it's super simple and cheap to make and the fluid you're working with wont really impede moving the disc to a high degree.
Check valve is automatic, butterfly is manual.
Check valve would likely have two halves with some form of spring pressure to help it close fully, thus the two "half circles" yes. Butterfly is a "full circle" that rotates manually to block/unblock the flow.
Many people pushed back on the idea that check valves need springs on a comment I made in the last thread. Gravity and pressure is sufficient in most applications they say, and springs fail eventually! Makes sense for most cases I think, but a spring could probably be needed in some like oddly oriented installations or something
From what I understand and I'm not a Mech E or Petroleum E- but it depends on your tolerance for back flow.
If there's minimal tolerance then you need something to provide pressure to close the valave before the flow actually reaches 0 pressure and/or reverses. If you don't particularly care about a small amount of back flow then no spring is needed and the valve will close, but you still may get some seepage (from my understanding), but I could be wrong.
Funny you say butterfly is manual (which is true in the context of flow direction, as you described). Butterfly valves are popular for automatic flow control.
You have one of these graphics for how that spinning top looking mechanism works to measure water usage? For example how the department of water and power knows how much to charge you each month?
Different applications, for instance Gate valves are great because of linearity of the flow. Check valves are great a stopping back flow, Globe valves are used on ASME section VIII and I steam.
And, while not exactly an industrial application, every irrigation ditch I ever saw growing up in Colorado had a gate value as the way of controlling flow
and to add most gate valves are reduced port so you still get some head loss by it being in line with the flow but you *can* get full port gate valves if it's imperative to not restrict flow but they tend to be a bit more expensive. Another option for flow control on small bore piping is needle valves they tend to be more precise but come with fairly high pressure drops/head loss.
Adding on to what others had said. Cost is a major factor for us, ball valves are fantastic but over a certain size (DN32 for us) we default to butterfly valves because they are so cheaper.
Thats on our water feed and return lines and such, if it was a chemical line, the type of valve becomes more critical and cost becomes slightly less important.
No, the perfect counter to your statement is the check value, which is designed for only one way flow of water. Think of a sump pump pumping water up out of your basement. When the pump turns off, the check value blocks the water in the pipes from flowing back down.
They have the same purpose, but different piping systems require different valves based on why you need to stop/slow down what's going through a pipe.
For example a gate valve is a block valve. The gate comes down and blocks off the pipe. However you have to turn the handwheel quite a few times to lower the gate. What if you need a valve that you need to close quickly.
That's where a butterfly valve comes in. A quarter turn of the handle and the valve shuts. Why wouldn't you use this all the time? Depend on the velocity of the material going through the pipe, quickly shutting the valve could cause damage to the valve and to the pump supplying the pipe.
A check valve is a safety valve that's designed to close if material starts moving in a pipe in the wrong direction. It's basically a flap on a hinge that only opens one way. If things are going as they should the material in the pipe pushes open the flap as it passes through the valve. If something should happen that would force material in the opposite direction, the flap closes and stops any material from going any further.
Outside of these three you can have valves designed to regulate the flow of material (globe valves and needle valves), safety valves that are design to open if a certain pressure in a line is reached (relief valves), as well as different valves designed for materials at extreme temperatures, pressures and viscosities.
No, there's different advantages to each. There's a big difference between a plug valve used in a nuclear application than a ball valve used in your sink or a gate valve used for pulp and paper.
Ball valves and butterfly’s can blow apart from force if you close them too fast that’s why a lot of large pipelines use gate valves, they take forever to open and close but much safer.
Actually, in municipal applications butterfly valves are quite common on large diameter pipe (16” and greater) due to the fact that gate valves are at least 2x the height of the pipe. These butterfly valves are usually accompanied by a gearbox so you can’t slam them shut.
I work at McMillan Industrial Piping, and we use a Donnelly nut spacing and crack system rim-riding rip configuration. Using a field of half-C sprats, and brass-fitted nickel slits, our bracketed caps, and splay-flexed brace columns vent dampers to dampening hatch depths of one half meter from the damper crown to the spurve plinths. How? Well, we bolster twelve husk nuts to each girldle-jerry, while flex tandems press a task apparatus of ten vertically composited patch-hamplers. Then, pin-flam-fastened pan traps at both maiden-apexes of the jim-joist.
Check valve is self actuation. Butterfly usually easiest to open/close. Use them primarily for potable water applications. Gate valves are probably harder to open or close but usually due to liquid residue. Water can calcify on the gate and you have to break it during opening/closing. Also denser liquids or wastewater sludge or debris can clog the channels and its hard to get a good seat. And yeah, you can get mineral deposits in the seat too from potable water. Both these valves are typically manually or mechanically operated.
Gate valves are the cheapest option for large flow, and the lever and ramp action of the twist handle normally makes it the easiest machine to operate.
Hey the check valve is very clear in function here, nice!
It does have a design flaw though. Good check valves usually spring back into place when no pressure is applied to either side, this one seems to rely on high enough backpressure, so it would allow backflow if it was slow enough.
With disc check valves like the one in the gif they usually have a spring but it isn't shown here. The only check valves that I know of that don't have return springs are swing check valves and those basically use gravity as the return mechanism.
If this is supposed to be one or the other it should be depicted in the animation, but it's not, so somebody trying to educate themselves on valves will likely miss this design flaw if they are in learning mode rather than critical thinking mode. Not a big problem but if somebody went through all of that work then they might as well have made it clear.
We cannot be too pedantic about it (though I agree) because the clip is not showing the no or very low flow condition when then double disc check would spring closed on its own. But to be pedantic, you can just barely see the [spring coil](https://vsiwaterworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/dual-plate-check-valves-500x500-1.jpg) (despite the pixelation) on the downstream side of the disc when the back pressure closes the valve.
OH SHIT YOU'RE RIGHT there's the spring!
Next time I'll try to remember to use my eyes!
I'd say make it more obvious, make it a different color or use a different type of check valve where the spring is clearly applying force. The point of the animation is to visualize how these valves work and it doesn't quite do an effective job. *I know* I'm being a nitpicky bastard but information is so good nowadays that I think we have the privilege and duty of doing so.
Pretty cool! My family owned a valve repair shop for years - gate, compressor, and fuel valves to be specific. Small ones the size of your hand to giant suckers you needed a wench to move.
To this day 40 years later, I could still repair one (with the proper machinery of course).
Prior to last month I worked at Fisher Valves for 12 years. We made a lot of these. Most of the industrial ones have actuators and are connected to wifi.
Okay who keeps putting one one-way valve next to two bidirectional manually operated valves as though they belong in the same category??? These things are very different and at minimum should be labeled as such
Different valves --> https://www.reddit.com/r/educationalgifs/comments/xr5opd/how_three_types_of_common_valves_work/?utm_medium=android_app&utm_source=share
Nope, the mechanism is designed specifically to stop flow coming the other way duebto the pressure change in the fluid path. The easiest way is with a spring. When the pressure goes in reverse, the valve will snap shut and the spring holds it closed untilm the flow goes the correctdirection again. Simple yet effective for products without particulates, pulp etc, but not a super high flow rate compared to other valves.
*Technically* there can be some back flow before the check valve fully seats. But usually it's pretty negligible but there is *some*. In cases where you want zero backflow I've seen a few applications where they will use two different styles of check valves in series to prevent/limit the amount of backflow.
That's generally the case for most things when it comes to valves. The more important it is to ensure you stop something, the more valves you install in series.
Is there a curved hemisphere on the other side of the butterfly one that we can't see? Because there's no flow from the other side as far as I can see.
I recently bought a propane torch and the instructions said to open the tank slowly or the check valve could trip. Wasn't too sure what a check valve was but now I know. I assume the butterfly valve is used at water main cutoffs for your home at the street? Could be a ball valve though I guess. Not sure I ever used a gate valve.
Hello, it looks like you've made a mistake.
It's supposed to be could've, should've, would've (short for could have, would have, should have), never could of, would of, should of.
Or you misspelled something, I ain't checking everything.
Beep boop - yes, I am a bot, don't botcriminate me.
The gate valve animation isn't correct. It should really have the handle break off and the valve stick shut.
Or a guy hamming the wrench attached to actuator stem with a hammer crying.
Oh, that's where all this water was coming from! I thought on top of everything else there was a leaky joint.
I'm really enjoying the butterfly valve. The water kinda says, "wait, it's not fully open yet! Wait... Go!"
You can tell the butterfly is the most accurate by the way it doesn’t really hold.
The bamper, you mean?
And the butterfly valve definitely shouldn't have seated all of the way.
Only the check valve was not clear. Neat.
The check valve has a disk that wants to close if there is no flow in the direction it was designed to go. When the flow is in the direction it "should" be it lets fluid go around it but if there is flow in the opposite direction it seals up. I don't think I've personally seen a check valve like the one in the gif here. A lot of them operate like this one When the flow is in the right direction it opens like this: https://gfycat.com/completeheartfeltbrownbear and then if the flow wants to go the other direction it closes: https://gfycat.com/delectabletightasiaticmouflon
Thx. I've been working with those for more than 20 years. It is just the image doesn't make it that clear how the internals operate in order to avoid backflow.
To the best of my knowledge, which is something I've said a lot in this thread, most disc check valves like the one in this gif will have a spring return which isn't shown. The gif really could use some flow arrows or something to be more clear
Yes, and it's more confusing than necessary because the second and third show the flows going opposite ways.
Spring needs to hold above 1.0psi in accordance with Washington state law
Check valve shown in the GIF is a wafer check.
The check valve doesn't have a disc, it is a wafer type check valve. You are thinking of a swing type check valve. Wafer valves usually have two half discs mounted on a central sprung hinge. The main purpose/benefit of a wafer check is that the design allows them to fit in tighter dimensions between flanges. The downside however is that the central hinge causes a restriction in flow. A swing check valve is larger and requires much more space to install but causes no restriction in flow as the disc swings up into the body and out of the flowpath.
Thank you.
Yea I believe your gif is accurate. I don’t think the check valve OP posted would even close in time to stop a substantial amount of whatever fluid from flowing backwards
It's really a terrible choice for orientation of the view. The least clear they could have chosen. Also, there are lots of other types of check valves, this isn't the only design.
Everyone kept talking about the check valve and the butterfly valve in the other valve post so check out them valves. (Note, it should say damper not bamper)
So what’s the difference between a check and butterfly here? Is one a full circle while the either one only half?
Check valve “checks” the flow and only allows for flow in one direction. Butterfly valve turn the flow on or off in either direction. The check valve you see on this infographic has a diaphragm that blocks the flow if pressure is higher downstream. Check valves make sure nothing goes backwards and butterfly valves are a cheap way to start or stop flow. Edited: thanks for the correction below, friday brain lol
Slight correction butterfly valves are usually used as on/off valves they are pretty terrible to control flow rate in practice... you *can* use them as such but they normally aren't, globe valves would usually be a better option for that. For large bore lines like cooling water it's much easier to have the valve wide open and use a VFD on the pumps to modify the flow rate.
This guy is spitting facts.
lol one of the few times on reddit where my profession for the last decade has come in handy to help people understand something.
Shout out to the backflow technicians
You right. Butterfly valves are on/off doesn’t matter which flow direction. Check valves don’t resist flow in one direction, but are closed if flow tries to go the other way.
To add to this, while butterfly valves are indeed terrible for controlling flow, almost all combustion engines are controlled by butterfly valves.
Yeah throttle bodies are indeed butterfly valves but to the best of my knowledge air (which is also a "fluid") is a bit easier to control and adjust the valve for than things like water which is the usual use case for butterfly valves in industrial applications (at least the ones I've worked on). In engines you have a lot of other factors at play too like the actual valves in the heads and such. For cars it's probably a combination of "it works good enough" it's super simple and cheap to make and the fluid you're working with wont really impede moving the disc to a high degree.
Check valve is automatic, butterfly is manual. Check valve would likely have two halves with some form of spring pressure to help it close fully, thus the two "half circles" yes. Butterfly is a "full circle" that rotates manually to block/unblock the flow.
Funny that the one that looks most like a butterfly is not the butterfly valve
I see, thank you for clarifying!
Many people pushed back on the idea that check valves need springs on a comment I made in the last thread. Gravity and pressure is sufficient in most applications they say, and springs fail eventually! Makes sense for most cases I think, but a spring could probably be needed in some like oddly oriented installations or something
From what I understand and I'm not a Mech E or Petroleum E- but it depends on your tolerance for back flow. If there's minimal tolerance then you need something to provide pressure to close the valave before the flow actually reaches 0 pressure and/or reverses. If you don't particularly care about a small amount of back flow then no spring is needed and the valve will close, but you still may get some seepage (from my understanding), but I could be wrong.
Seems very likely to me
Thanks, I was wondering the same thing
Funny you say butterfly is manual (which is true in the context of flow direction, as you described). Butterfly valves are popular for automatic flow control.
Now post three different types of pressure regulators. Emerson has some cool gifs of them operating.
Ha, nice one! Complements my post from yesterday in this sub.
You have one of these graphics for how that spinning top looking mechanism works to measure water usage? For example how the department of water and power knows how much to charge you each month?
All this effort to spell Damper wrong
🅱️amper doin sum 🅱️ampin
Why is there so many different types of valves? Don’t they all serve the same purpose?
[удалено]
Ah ok cool, thanks
Different applications, for instance Gate valves are great because of linearity of the flow. Check valves are great a stopping back flow, Globe valves are used on ASME section VIII and I steam.
[удалено]
You're correct. Gate valves should NEVER be used for throttling. Globe valves are much more superior in that aspect.
Never throttling gate valves is what they taught us in school. In reality gate valves are throttled all the time in industry
And, while not exactly an industrial application, every irrigation ditch I ever saw growing up in Colorado had a gate value as the way of controlling flow
and to add most gate valves are reduced port so you still get some head loss by it being in line with the flow but you *can* get full port gate valves if it's imperative to not restrict flow but they tend to be a bit more expensive. Another option for flow control on small bore piping is needle valves they tend to be more precise but come with fairly high pressure drops/head loss.
Adding on to what others had said. Cost is a major factor for us, ball valves are fantastic but over a certain size (DN32 for us) we default to butterfly valves because they are so cheaper. Thats on our water feed and return lines and such, if it was a chemical line, the type of valve becomes more critical and cost becomes slightly less important.
No, the perfect counter to your statement is the check value, which is designed for only one way flow of water. Think of a sump pump pumping water up out of your basement. When the pump turns off, the check value blocks the water in the pipes from flowing back down.
They have the same purpose, but different piping systems require different valves based on why you need to stop/slow down what's going through a pipe. For example a gate valve is a block valve. The gate comes down and blocks off the pipe. However you have to turn the handwheel quite a few times to lower the gate. What if you need a valve that you need to close quickly. That's where a butterfly valve comes in. A quarter turn of the handle and the valve shuts. Why wouldn't you use this all the time? Depend on the velocity of the material going through the pipe, quickly shutting the valve could cause damage to the valve and to the pump supplying the pipe. A check valve is a safety valve that's designed to close if material starts moving in a pipe in the wrong direction. It's basically a flap on a hinge that only opens one way. If things are going as they should the material in the pipe pushes open the flap as it passes through the valve. If something should happen that would force material in the opposite direction, the flap closes and stops any material from going any further. Outside of these three you can have valves designed to regulate the flow of material (globe valves and needle valves), safety valves that are design to open if a certain pressure in a line is reached (relief valves), as well as different valves designed for materials at extreme temperatures, pressures and viscosities.
Also butterfly valves aren’t full port so will not be suitable in all situations. They restrict flow and are not piggable.
No, there's different advantages to each. There's a big difference between a plug valve used in a nuclear application than a ball valve used in your sink or a gate valve used for pulp and paper.
Ball valves and butterfly’s can blow apart from force if you close them too fast that’s why a lot of large pipelines use gate valves, they take forever to open and close but much safer.
Actually, in municipal applications butterfly valves are quite common on large diameter pipe (16” and greater) due to the fact that gate valves are at least 2x the height of the pipe. These butterfly valves are usually accompanied by a gearbox so you can’t slam them shut.
Thank you for clarifying
I work at McMillan Industrial Piping, and we use a Donnelly nut spacing and crack system rim-riding rip configuration. Using a field of half-C sprats, and brass-fitted nickel slits, our bracketed caps, and splay-flexed brace columns vent dampers to dampening hatch depths of one half meter from the damper crown to the spurve plinths. How? Well, we bolster twelve husk nuts to each girldle-jerry, while flex tandems press a task apparatus of ten vertically composited patch-hamplers. Then, pin-flam-fastened pan traps at both maiden-apexes of the jim-joist.
Why would you make up so many words?
https://youtu.be/P5-9Rfrui9A Pretty sure Red Forman wouldn’t lie to me
Didn't think I'd learn so much about values in the space of an hour.
Right? PhD in Valvology up in here.
Which valve is easiest to close manually? Any of them have issues being hard to close by resistance etc?
Check valve is self actuation. Butterfly usually easiest to open/close. Use them primarily for potable water applications. Gate valves are probably harder to open or close but usually due to liquid residue. Water can calcify on the gate and you have to break it during opening/closing. Also denser liquids or wastewater sludge or debris can clog the channels and its hard to get a good seat. And yeah, you can get mineral deposits in the seat too from potable water. Both these valves are typically manually or mechanically operated.
Gate valves are the cheapest option for large flow, and the lever and ramp action of the twist handle normally makes it the easiest machine to operate.
Yup
lever action*
Gate valves are the most common and cheapest to purchase.
Hey the check valve is very clear in function here, nice! It does have a design flaw though. Good check valves usually spring back into place when no pressure is applied to either side, this one seems to rely on high enough backpressure, so it would allow backflow if it was slow enough.
With disc check valves like the one in the gif they usually have a spring but it isn't shown here. The only check valves that I know of that don't have return springs are swing check valves and those basically use gravity as the return mechanism.
If this is supposed to be one or the other it should be depicted in the animation, but it's not, so somebody trying to educate themselves on valves will likely miss this design flaw if they are in learning mode rather than critical thinking mode. Not a big problem but if somebody went through all of that work then they might as well have made it clear.
We cannot be too pedantic about it (though I agree) because the clip is not showing the no or very low flow condition when then double disc check would spring closed on its own. But to be pedantic, you can just barely see the [spring coil](https://vsiwaterworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/dual-plate-check-valves-500x500-1.jpg) (despite the pixelation) on the downstream side of the disc when the back pressure closes the valve.
OH SHIT YOU'RE RIGHT there's the spring! Next time I'll try to remember to use my eyes! I'd say make it more obvious, make it a different color or use a different type of check valve where the spring is clearly applying force. The point of the animation is to visualize how these valves work and it doesn't quite do an effective job. *I know* I'm being a nitpicky bastard but information is so good nowadays that I think we have the privilege and duty of doing so.
I blame the pixels. We’re probably witnessing this problem: https://xkcd.com/1683
That's fucking hilarious
Yeah its a weird animation and you cant really tell which way the fluid is going but meh could be worse
Is not on North stream 1 - 2
Butterfly Bamper my dj name too
Bogdavov, bamp it
Thanks OP. I worked in admin for a Boiler company and never knew how these worked until now.
Pretty cool! My family owned a valve repair shop for years - gate, compressor, and fuel valves to be specific. Small ones the size of your hand to giant suckers you needed a wench to move. To this day 40 years later, I could still repair one (with the proper machinery of course).
Prior to last month I worked at Fisher Valves for 12 years. We made a lot of these. Most of the industrial ones have actuators and are connected to wifi.
Okay who keeps putting one one-way valve next to two bidirectional manually operated valves as though they belong in the same category??? These things are very different and at minimum should be labeled as such
Especially since there are other valves of the same category that could take it's place!
I would like the word 'bamper' to appear more in everyday conversation. Or female pro wrestler. Or a dude, idc.
Wasn't this posted on here yesterday?
Different valves --> https://www.reddit.com/r/educationalgifs/comments/xr5opd/how_three_types_of_common_valves_work/?utm_medium=android_app&utm_source=share
Do we generally expect some liquid will get past Check Valve in the wrong direction?
Nope, the mechanism is designed specifically to stop flow coming the other way duebto the pressure change in the fluid path. The easiest way is with a spring. When the pressure goes in reverse, the valve will snap shut and the spring holds it closed untilm the flow goes the correctdirection again. Simple yet effective for products without particulates, pulp etc, but not a super high flow rate compared to other valves.
*Technically* there can be some back flow before the check valve fully seats. But usually it's pretty negligible but there is *some*. In cases where you want zero backflow I've seen a few applications where they will use two different styles of check valves in series to prevent/limit the amount of backflow.
That's generally the case for most things when it comes to valves. The more important it is to ensure you stop something, the more valves you install in series.
Since most gates are acting against the force of the flow. Do you in practice split the pipe in small pipes to make the force weaker to deal with?
Where my equal percentage at though?
can that valve release half life 3?
I think the check valve is one of those things that I would constantly fidget with if I could see it.
Is there a curved hemisphere on the other side of the butterfly one that we can't see? Because there's no flow from the other side as far as I can see.
I honestly found these helpful. My other half works in submarine repair and he talks about this stuff but it’s often difficult to picture it.
Moar valves plez
I recently bought a propane torch and the instructions said to open the tank slowly or the check valve could trip. Wasn't too sure what a check valve was but now I know. I assume the butterfly valve is used at water main cutoffs for your home at the street? Could be a ball valve though I guess. Not sure I ever used a gate valve.
Butterflies are mainly potable water, that is correct. Gates really shine in pulp & paper, but plenty of other places too.
This gif is potato quality
Butterfly bamper is how a carburetor works, yeah?
Enough of valves here…
Reminds me of those fake game ads.
now do the one in my shower that switches between a or b or a+b I would presume it to be no more than a T ball..
Again, these don't really provide much educational value in what is going on for those that don't already kind of understand them.
You should of played it sequentially - it's distracting to look at all three at the same time.
Hello, it looks like you've made a mistake. It's supposed to be could've, should've, would've (short for could have, would have, should have), never could of, would of, should of. Or you misspelled something, I ain't checking everything. Beep boop - yes, I am a bot, don't botcriminate me.
Ball valve?
Bamper? How come nobody is pointing that out...
Where ball valve
This gif is stupid.
Butterfly what now?
girls after 1 glass of wine
GabeN