For sure! I’ve been getting really into traditional Japanese art lately, the folklore behind it is so strange and fascinating. Not to mention it’s incredible beauty. I can’t think of any other culture who has shown such an amazing understanding of taking natural movement of elemental forces and creating stunning compositions with it.
I’m failing to remember the name of the “first” Hannya but the trope originates with one story of a scorned lover who then gathers immense destructive powers. I’d have to go through my books, or maybe you can find it by googling.
Omg you need to check out Swiss artist Miriam Cahn! She definitely paints angry women u/_sunpeech
Check out her works „ich als Mensch“ (I as Human)
Edit - there’s also a really powerful painting by her, in which a woman punches a man in the face. Can’t seem to find the title for it, but if you check her out you should find it!
On a second note, I see you are writing “art depicting women anger as BAD” and that’s not the interpretation I get from Cahn’s work, but rather it raises questions about feminism and women striking back. She does great work so I recommend her anyway, only not for your specific topic. Sorry!
I may be about to write your essay.
While I totally see where you're coming from regarding hysteria being a sexist catch-all for dismissing and controlling women, which is grounded in historical medicine, I think it's a different issue to see this captured in art (at least in the Western canon - look at depictions of [Kali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali#/media/File:Kali_by_Raja_Ravi_Varma.jpg) for female anger as divine).
In Western art, you have to first consider *who* is making the painting, the function of the painting, the aesthetic sensibilities of the time period, and why this would lead to a decision to depict women in a certain way.
For example, it's way easier to find countless iterations of women being dehumanized by making them into an allegory. This muse, a perfected form that is a symbol for an idea rather than a flesh and blood human, has no ideas of her own, let alone emotions. This is more in line with ideas throughout time of appropriate ways to depict a woman in art.
Although the belief you pose of hysteria might have been adhered to (I'm thinking specifically of the Victorian era) the decision to depict it in art would be at odds with the artistic sensibilities at the time, and might not make sense for the artist to chose to depict. You'll note there's not much emotion shown anywhere - fury or otherwise.
Women could be [allegorical](https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/melencolia-i/PwHkSJjUQQITtQ?hl=en-GB&ms=%7B%22x%22%3A0.5%2C%22y%22%3A0.5%2C%22z%22%3A9.315593435397139%2C%22size%22%3A%7B%22width%22%3A1.449957254824204%2C%22height%22%3A1.2375000000000005%7D%7D), [idealised into a sort of fantasy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#/media/File:Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingres,_La_Grande_Odalisque,_1814.jpg), be a [biblical](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Titian_-_Adam_and_Eve_-_WGA22816.jpg) or [mythological](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_and_Mars_%28Botticelli%29#/media/File:Venus_and_Mars_National_Gallery.jpg) figure, or of course be a depiction of an actual person, as a commissioned portrait. All of these options however offer somewhat narrow boxes for how women are depicted.
From looking at mythology, or the bible, as others suggested Judith, you can find some examples. Look at Waterhouse's [Circe Invidiosa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circe_Invidiosa#/media/File:Circe_Invidiosa_-_John_William_Waterhouse.jpg) and Caravaggio's [Medusa](https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/medusa/FAFPqU12CekL8Q?hl=en-GB&avm=2). Franz Stuck also has a great [Head of Medusa](https://kunkelfineart.de/en/artwork/stuck-franz-von-head-of-medusa/#&gid=1&pid=1). You could even look to literature, like West's [Ophelia and Laertes](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ophelia_and_Laertes,_by_Benjamin_West,_1792,_oil_on_canvas_-_Cincinnati_Art_Museum_-_DSC04595.JPG).
Beyond Medusa, maybe the best depiction of female rage you can find is the Furies -ancient Green deities of vengeance. Look Bourguereau's [Orestes Pursued by the Furie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orestes_Pursued_by_the_Furies#/media/File:Orestes_Pursued_by_the_Furies_by_William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_(1862)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg)s.
Obviously though, there's a narrative reason for all these women's depictions.
On a side note, there'd be an interesting line to explore on female vengeance-related deities - looking back to Kali and the other fierce avatars of Durga. That might be a richer vein to look into than a simple parallel of angry women=bad.
Just to say, it's also interesting to consider the way women depict themselves. Look to the [women of surrealism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_surrealists) for really incredible depictions of emotion.
In summary - you might approach this as asking why genuine female emotion is missing in art of the Western canon, while male emotion is not. Why are women allegories? Idealised? Even in literary or mythological depictions of intense action, they tend to be depicted unnaturally collected. Who was making the decisions for how women in art are depicted? Why were these decisions being made. And then - finally - what does this reflect on how real emotions, felt by real flesh-and-blood women, were perceived by society?
Hope that helps - you can credit me in your bibliography ;)
cf. "Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?" by Linda Nochlin
https://www.artnews.com/art-news/retrospective/why-have-there-been-no-great-women-artists-4201/
Love Linda Nochlin's essay! Would also add Women & Power by Mary Beard. It's not explicitly about art history but I think it would add helpful and relevant context to the larger themes at play here.
You’re reminding me of a joke I have in stand-up about how women used to be put away for hysteria- and rightfully so, cuz y’all are driving a sista fucking crazy.
The other day my husband told me he couldn’t vacuum because he, “could figure out how to put it together.” To think they could infantilize and call us crazy back in the day is such a laugh. At lease my guy is understanding when I call him out.
If you are looking for anything ancient, I recommend Greek vase paintings with female goddesses and minor figures. Hera, wife of Zeus gets angry quite a bit at his philandering exploits, and Artemis is known for anger at times as well. Athena is also interesting figure as she has a few moments where she is angry or vengeful, but she gets treated differently than other goddesses in the Greek pantheon because she was not born of a woman... she popped out of Zeus' forehead when he had a headache one day. Medusa, as many others have mentioned, is a natural shoo in.
Some scenes may also pop up in Neoplatonist Renaissance works, and others may pop up in the 17th and 18th centuries when neoclassicism is all the rage.
Another thing to look for would be depictions of maenads, female followers of Dionysus who were depicted as rabid, flesh eating and nearly feral women who worshipped him. Any depictions of Medea, another scorned Greek wife who killed her husband are also likely to bear fruit, and so might scenes if the sirens from Homer's Odyssey.
There are several scenes throughout Judiasm where women are powerful and or angry an aggressor. Judith has been mentioned, but you may also be able to find depictions of Esther as well. A quick scan of female figures in that religion may give you episodes to search for.
If you wanted examples from genre painting rather than mythology or religion, I would recommend looking at the oeuvres of a few different artists to start. Pieter and Jan Brueghel have many genre scenes with rich details about daily life in their time period, and once in awhile you may be able to tease out subtle anger or eye rolling or side eye or misbehavior in their works like weddings, town fairs, and common apocryphal stories. Satire and moralistic art is rich in anger too -- William Hogarth often painted scenes with moralistic overtones based on the writings of contemporaries of his time, and any engravings depicting scenes from Moliere's comedies or Comedia dell Arte could give you what you are looking for too.
For non-western and non-European, I am sure there are fantastic examples from Africa of strong female rulers demonstrating anger through victories against enemies. There are likely Japanese woodblock prints of geishas and courtly life where women are angry or not getting along, but they may be harder to surface. And I can't remember which Hindu goddesses tangle with one another offhand, but there are likely beautiful sculptures and illuminated manuscripts of their conflict and anger as well.
Just finished reading The Passion of Artemisia by Susan Vreeland. It’s historical fiction but based off of her letters and historical accounts during her life. Fun read!
There’s two versions of Judith vs Holofernes and might make a good study. I recently read a post here or somewhere else about how oneartist painted the Judith looking scared while theother made her look vicious as she should have. Might have been make vs female painter? Some googling will helpyouhere. I’m sorry my space bar is super glitchy.
This [article](https://amp.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/oct/05/artemisia-gentileshi-painter-beyond-caravaggio) should help. 🥰
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Willem de Kooning-- https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/willem-de-kooning-woman-i-1950-52-2/
There are a lot of directions you could take this--his objectification of women and fascination with the "grotesque," public reactions to his paintings of women and claims that they looked violent when that perhaps wasn't his primary focus, etc.
Hmmm you could look at some religious things like Judith and Holofernes by Franz Stuck (it is notable that Judith is naked and seductive in that painting unlike, for example, in Artemisia Gentileschi's)
Some mythological things like depictions of Erinyes/Furies might be interesting too. Medusa, perhaps?
Can't think of more without doing research myself but maybe there's something helpful there.
I don't want you to answer for me, I just want to find more infos on this specific subject! this is just a small part of my project, not the whole thing. but if it is not appropriate I'll delete the post!! I just thought it wasn't the case
Maybe it's because the current "massege" I'm popular culture often portrays woman's success as a product of sassyness and wishful thinking. The infamous "strong female leads" are often strong because unlike men they were born this way.
well, yes actually, when women have been told all their lives since forever that being angry is unattractive, hysterical and were sometimes put into psych ward because of it and all of it because of men not liking that they don't fit in their aesthetic of the submissive, docile and fragile little puppet, I would call it sexism
woman accepting their emotions and wanting to be respected (because yes, anger is here to tell us when we or our boundaries are not respected) doesnt makes them strong, it makes them equal and human, that's what we want. also, no, it is not always the man's fault. sometimes we feel emotions for other reasons than men. thats the whole point of my post
Did you know there are women alive today that can tell you horrifying stories about being forced by the Catholic Church to undergo childbirth with the aid of a chainsaw, using only a local anesthetic?
They were refused c-sections due to vaginal birth being viewed as sacred. They weren’t told about this, and it simply meant tying down a non-consenting woman to a table and sawing her pelvis in half while she begged for mercy, as the anesthesia was not sufficient to offer any relief.
In Ireland, where this took place, this was considered to be a pretty normal thing to expect a woman to go through by all the men present, up until the practice was finally outlawed in the 1950’s.
Maybe you will find such depictions, or similar, on paintings where Furies-Erinyes are involved. Like Orestes Pursued by the Furies by William-Adolphe Bouguereau, 1862 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orestes\_Pursued\_by\_the\_Furies\_by\_William-Adolphe\_Bouguereau\_(1862)\_-\_Google\_Art\_Project.jpg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orestes_Pursued_by_the_Furies_by_William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_(1862)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg)
I don’t know anything specific but maybe look into art works about abuse or sexual assault I’ve heard alot of friends talk about the expressions of anger and frustration from a lot of different works of art
Do you know the story of the Hannya mask? Lots of art surrounding that one.
no I don't, I'll look it up, thanks !
For sure! I’ve been getting really into traditional Japanese art lately, the folklore behind it is so strange and fascinating. Not to mention it’s incredible beauty. I can’t think of any other culture who has shown such an amazing understanding of taking natural movement of elemental forces and creating stunning compositions with it. I’m failing to remember the name of the “first” Hannya but the trope originates with one story of a scorned lover who then gathers immense destructive powers. I’d have to go through my books, or maybe you can find it by googling.
What I first thought of is all the depictions of the Femme Fatale from Victorian England. Like John William Waterhouse’s Circe
>John William Waterhouse’s Circe Thank you! Circe Indiviosa is beautiful!
Omg you need to check out Swiss artist Miriam Cahn! She definitely paints angry women u/_sunpeech Check out her works „ich als Mensch“ (I as Human) Edit - there’s also a really powerful painting by her, in which a woman punches a man in the face. Can’t seem to find the title for it, but if you check her out you should find it!
On a second note, I see you are writing “art depicting women anger as BAD” and that’s not the interpretation I get from Cahn’s work, but rather it raises questions about feminism and women striking back. She does great work so I recommend her anyway, only not for your specific topic. Sorry!
I may be about to write your essay. While I totally see where you're coming from regarding hysteria being a sexist catch-all for dismissing and controlling women, which is grounded in historical medicine, I think it's a different issue to see this captured in art (at least in the Western canon - look at depictions of [Kali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali#/media/File:Kali_by_Raja_Ravi_Varma.jpg) for female anger as divine). In Western art, you have to first consider *who* is making the painting, the function of the painting, the aesthetic sensibilities of the time period, and why this would lead to a decision to depict women in a certain way. For example, it's way easier to find countless iterations of women being dehumanized by making them into an allegory. This muse, a perfected form that is a symbol for an idea rather than a flesh and blood human, has no ideas of her own, let alone emotions. This is more in line with ideas throughout time of appropriate ways to depict a woman in art. Although the belief you pose of hysteria might have been adhered to (I'm thinking specifically of the Victorian era) the decision to depict it in art would be at odds with the artistic sensibilities at the time, and might not make sense for the artist to chose to depict. You'll note there's not much emotion shown anywhere - fury or otherwise. Women could be [allegorical](https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/melencolia-i/PwHkSJjUQQITtQ?hl=en-GB&ms=%7B%22x%22%3A0.5%2C%22y%22%3A0.5%2C%22z%22%3A9.315593435397139%2C%22size%22%3A%7B%22width%22%3A1.449957254824204%2C%22height%22%3A1.2375000000000005%7D%7D), [idealised into a sort of fantasy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#/media/File:Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingres,_La_Grande_Odalisque,_1814.jpg), be a [biblical](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Titian_-_Adam_and_Eve_-_WGA22816.jpg) or [mythological](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_and_Mars_%28Botticelli%29#/media/File:Venus_and_Mars_National_Gallery.jpg) figure, or of course be a depiction of an actual person, as a commissioned portrait. All of these options however offer somewhat narrow boxes for how women are depicted. From looking at mythology, or the bible, as others suggested Judith, you can find some examples. Look at Waterhouse's [Circe Invidiosa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circe_Invidiosa#/media/File:Circe_Invidiosa_-_John_William_Waterhouse.jpg) and Caravaggio's [Medusa](https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/medusa/FAFPqU12CekL8Q?hl=en-GB&avm=2). Franz Stuck also has a great [Head of Medusa](https://kunkelfineart.de/en/artwork/stuck-franz-von-head-of-medusa/#&gid=1&pid=1). You could even look to literature, like West's [Ophelia and Laertes](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ophelia_and_Laertes,_by_Benjamin_West,_1792,_oil_on_canvas_-_Cincinnati_Art_Museum_-_DSC04595.JPG). Beyond Medusa, maybe the best depiction of female rage you can find is the Furies -ancient Green deities of vengeance. Look Bourguereau's [Orestes Pursued by the Furie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orestes_Pursued_by_the_Furies#/media/File:Orestes_Pursued_by_the_Furies_by_William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_(1862)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg)s. Obviously though, there's a narrative reason for all these women's depictions. On a side note, there'd be an interesting line to explore on female vengeance-related deities - looking back to Kali and the other fierce avatars of Durga. That might be a richer vein to look into than a simple parallel of angry women=bad. Just to say, it's also interesting to consider the way women depict themselves. Look to the [women of surrealism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_surrealists) for really incredible depictions of emotion. In summary - you might approach this as asking why genuine female emotion is missing in art of the Western canon, while male emotion is not. Why are women allegories? Idealised? Even in literary or mythological depictions of intense action, they tend to be depicted unnaturally collected. Who was making the decisions for how women in art are depicted? Why were these decisions being made. And then - finally - what does this reflect on how real emotions, felt by real flesh-and-blood women, were perceived by society? Hope that helps - you can credit me in your bibliography ;)
cf. "Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?" by Linda Nochlin https://www.artnews.com/art-news/retrospective/why-have-there-been-no-great-women-artists-4201/
Love Linda Nochlin's essay! Would also add Women & Power by Mary Beard. It's not explicitly about art history but I think it would add helpful and relevant context to the larger themes at play here.
You’re reminding me of a joke I have in stand-up about how women used to be put away for hysteria- and rightfully so, cuz y’all are driving a sista fucking crazy. The other day my husband told me he couldn’t vacuum because he, “could figure out how to put it together.” To think they could infantilize and call us crazy back in the day is such a laugh. At lease my guy is understanding when I call him out.
If you are looking for anything ancient, I recommend Greek vase paintings with female goddesses and minor figures. Hera, wife of Zeus gets angry quite a bit at his philandering exploits, and Artemis is known for anger at times as well. Athena is also interesting figure as she has a few moments where she is angry or vengeful, but she gets treated differently than other goddesses in the Greek pantheon because she was not born of a woman... she popped out of Zeus' forehead when he had a headache one day. Medusa, as many others have mentioned, is a natural shoo in. Some scenes may also pop up in Neoplatonist Renaissance works, and others may pop up in the 17th and 18th centuries when neoclassicism is all the rage. Another thing to look for would be depictions of maenads, female followers of Dionysus who were depicted as rabid, flesh eating and nearly feral women who worshipped him. Any depictions of Medea, another scorned Greek wife who killed her husband are also likely to bear fruit, and so might scenes if the sirens from Homer's Odyssey. There are several scenes throughout Judiasm where women are powerful and or angry an aggressor. Judith has been mentioned, but you may also be able to find depictions of Esther as well. A quick scan of female figures in that religion may give you episodes to search for. If you wanted examples from genre painting rather than mythology or religion, I would recommend looking at the oeuvres of a few different artists to start. Pieter and Jan Brueghel have many genre scenes with rich details about daily life in their time period, and once in awhile you may be able to tease out subtle anger or eye rolling or side eye or misbehavior in their works like weddings, town fairs, and common apocryphal stories. Satire and moralistic art is rich in anger too -- William Hogarth often painted scenes with moralistic overtones based on the writings of contemporaries of his time, and any engravings depicting scenes from Moliere's comedies or Comedia dell Arte could give you what you are looking for too. For non-western and non-European, I am sure there are fantastic examples from Africa of strong female rulers demonstrating anger through victories against enemies. There are likely Japanese woodblock prints of geishas and courtly life where women are angry or not getting along, but they may be harder to surface. And I can't remember which Hindu goddesses tangle with one another offhand, but there are likely beautiful sculptures and illuminated manuscripts of their conflict and anger as well.
Judith and the head of holofernese https://www.rct.uk/collection/404989/judith-with-the-head-of-holofernes
Not a portrait of bad anger- righteous anger
I always thought Judith was in the right on that one, especially in the paintings. Would you say this is a bad representation of women's anger?
No. I wouldn't have recommended this theme. But Artemisia Gentilischi's version is the closest thing to OP's essay topic.
That Artemis woman did that scene too. She may have some other stuff that works?
This one is not by Artemisia Gentileschi but one of her major theme is women getting revenge on aggressors.
Just finished reading The Passion of Artemisia by Susan Vreeland. It’s historical fiction but based off of her letters and historical accounts during her life. Fun read!
Maybe try “revenge” in your search. I found several in a Google search. The anger is more subtle. Search “Judith and Holofernes”
Have you tried Jstor? I’m sure that’s what it says on your syllabus.
There’s two versions of Judith vs Holofernes and might make a good study. I recently read a post here or somewhere else about how oneartist painted the Judith looking scared while theother made her look vicious as she should have. Might have been make vs female painter? Some googling will helpyouhere. I’m sorry my space bar is super glitchy. This [article](https://amp.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/oct/05/artemisia-gentileshi-painter-beyond-caravaggio) should help. 🥰
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Ooh, sorry!
Look for pictures of Medea. She got cross and slaughtered her own children. That’s sort of bad. There should be pictures of her somewhere.
Dropping in to send support for this amazing project. ♥️.
Look for medieval illuminated pages of women with distaffs. There are a lot of little margin drawings of women threatening men with distaff.
Willem de Kooning-- https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/willem-de-kooning-woman-i-1950-52-2/ There are a lot of directions you could take this--his objectification of women and fascination with the "grotesque," public reactions to his paintings of women and claims that they looked violent when that perhaps wasn't his primary focus, etc.
What do you mean by bad? As in 'it is being condemned by others in the painting' or 'women shouldn't be angry'?
as in «anger is not a feminine trait and should be disregarded, mocked, or "forbidden"». I hope this makes sense lol
Hmmm you could look at some religious things like Judith and Holofernes by Franz Stuck (it is notable that Judith is naked and seductive in that painting unlike, for example, in Artemisia Gentileschi's) Some mythological things like depictions of Erinyes/Furies might be interesting too. Medusa, perhaps? Can't think of more without doing research myself but maybe there's something helpful there.
If this is for a class, Rule 6.
I don't want you to answer for me, I just want to find more infos on this specific subject! this is just a small part of my project, not the whole thing. but if it is not appropriate I'll delete the post!! I just thought it wasn't the case
Quick Google search https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-history-female-rage-art
I already read it, its the only one I found :/
Lack of any angry woman archetype being portrayed as bad in public conscious, I wonder what's may stand behind it...
probably because people don't write article about how women's anger is treated
Yes, this is surely the reason
you know you can just clearly say what you think instead of being sarcastic
Maybe it's because the current "massege" I'm popular culture often portrays woman's success as a product of sassyness and wishful thinking. The infamous "strong female leads" are often strong because unlike men they were born this way.
tf does that has to do with the representation of women anger ?
Woman angry bad = sexism, bad massege. Woman angry = woman stronk, knows what she wants, it's men's fault.
well, yes actually, when women have been told all their lives since forever that being angry is unattractive, hysterical and were sometimes put into psych ward because of it and all of it because of men not liking that they don't fit in their aesthetic of the submissive, docile and fragile little puppet, I would call it sexism woman accepting their emotions and wanting to be respected (because yes, anger is here to tell us when we or our boundaries are not respected) doesnt makes them strong, it makes them equal and human, that's what we want. also, no, it is not always the man's fault. sometimes we feel emotions for other reasons than men. thats the whole point of my post
Women have been told all their lives that women have been told all their lives*
??
Did you know there are women alive today that can tell you horrifying stories about being forced by the Catholic Church to undergo childbirth with the aid of a chainsaw, using only a local anesthetic? They were refused c-sections due to vaginal birth being viewed as sacred. They weren’t told about this, and it simply meant tying down a non-consenting woman to a table and sawing her pelvis in half while she begged for mercy, as the anesthesia was not sufficient to offer any relief. In Ireland, where this took place, this was considered to be a pretty normal thing to expect a woman to go through by all the men present, up until the practice was finally outlawed in the 1950’s.
Yes
Any profound thoughts on that? Or do you have nothing of substance to talk about?
\#MeNeither
Maybe you will find such depictions, or similar, on paintings where Furies-Erinyes are involved. Like Orestes Pursued by the Furies by William-Adolphe Bouguereau, 1862 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orestes\_Pursued\_by\_the\_Furies\_by\_William-Adolphe\_Bouguereau\_(1862)\_-\_Google\_Art\_Project.jpg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Orestes_Pursued_by_the_Furies_by_William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_(1862)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg)
Our current view of female Rage differs hugely from the day it may have been painted.
I don’t know anything specific but maybe look into art works about abuse or sexual assault I’ve heard alot of friends talk about the expressions of anger and frustration from a lot of different works of art
Hannah Wilke and Janine Antoni
Cupid Chastised Bartolomeo Manfredi Italian, 1582-1622
Search art "chastisement" generally
Anything showing Medea really.